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==Nomenclature==
Starting with [[Windows 10]], [[Microsoft]] initially used the term "Windows app" to describe [[Universal Windows Platform]] (UWP) apps. These were [[Application software|applications]] that could be installed from the [[Microsoft Store]], which was previously known as the [[Windows Store]]. Initially, these apps were called "Trusted Windows Store apps," and later, they were referred to as "Trusted Microsoft Store apps." Traditional programs designed to run on desktop computers were referred to as "[[Desktop app|desktop apps]]."
With the release of [[Windows 10]] version 1903, there was a shift in the terminology. [[Microsoft]] began using the term "Apps" to refer to both UWP apps and desktop apps indiscriminately. This change aimed to unify the naming convention for all types of applications.
It's worth noting that the term "[[Universal Windows Platform]]" (UWP) is primarily used in [[Microsoft|Microsoft's]] developer, documentation to specifically refer to the platform itself. Microsoft also introduced the term "Windows Runtime app" retrospectively to describe the precursors of UWP apps, as there was previously no clear and unambiguous name for them.
== In Windows 8.x ==
UWP apps first became available under the name "Metro-style apps" in 2012 and were marketed with [[Windows 8]].<ref name=Harrel/><ref>{{citation|title=Microsoft's Metro apps rechristened with a new, sixth name: Windows apps|first=Jared|last=Newman|work=PCWorld|date=March 26, 2015|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/2902220/microsofts-metro-apps-rechristened-with-a-new-sixth-name-windows-apps.html|access-date=June 27, 2016}}</ref>
===Look and
{{See also|Metro (design language)}}
In Windows 8.x, Metro-style apps do not run in a [[window (computing)|window]]. Instead, they either occupy the entire screen or are snapped to one side, in which case they occupy the entire height of the screen but only part of its width. They have no title bar, system menu, window borders or control buttons. Command interfaces like scroll bars are usually hidden on start. Menus are located in the "[[Windows shell#Charms|settings charm]]." Metro-style apps use the UI controls of Windows 8.x and typically follow Windows 8.x UI guidelines, such as horizontal scrolling and the inclusion of edge-UIs, like the app bar.<ref name="Infoworld-Win81u">{{Cite web |url=http://www.infoworld.com/article/2606675/microsoft-windows/147162-What-s-new-in-the-Windows-8.1-Update.html#slide6 |title=What's new in Windows 8.1 Update |work=[[InfoWorld]] |publisher=[[IDG]] |date=8 April 2014 |first=Woody |last=Leonhart }}</ref>
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In response to criticism from customers, in [[Windows 8.1]], a title bar was added but hidden unless users move the mouse cursor to the top of the screen. However, the [[Hamburger button|hamburger]] menu button on the title bar gives access to the charms.<ref name="Infoworld-Win81u" />
===Distribution and
For most users, the only point of entry for Metro-style apps is the [[Windows Store]]. Enterprises operating a [[Windows ___domain]] infrastructure may enter into a contract with Microsoft that allows them to [[sideload]] their line-of-business Metro-style apps, circumventing Windows Store. Also, major web browser vendors are selectively exempted from this rule, they are allowed to circumvent Microsoft guidelines and Windows Store and run a Metro-style version of themselves if the user chooses to make their product the default web browser.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.zdnet.com/googles-latest-chrome-release-tries-to-replace-the-windows-8-desktop-7000025190 |title=Google's latest Chrome release tries to replace the Windows 8 desktop |work=[[ZDNet]] |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |date=15 January 2014 |first=Ed |last=Bott |quote=Under Microsoft’s rules, Metro-style browsers are able to sidestep requirements that apply to all other apps, including the mandate to be distributed through the Windows Store}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Branscombe|first=Mary|title=Windows 8 browsers: the only Metro apps to get desktop power|url=http://www.techradar.com/news/software/operating-systems/windows-8-browsers-the-only-metro-apps-to-get-desktop-power-1073930|work=TechRadar|publisher=Future Publishing|access-date=17 January 2014|date=27 March 2012}}</ref>
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[[Windows RT]] requires all installed apps to be from the [[Windows Store]], or be verified by Microsoft (most internal applications).
===Multiple
Before Windows 8, programs were identified by their static [[computer icon|icon]]s. The [[Windows Shell#Taskbar|Windows taskbar]] was responsible for representing every app that had a window while running. Metro-style apps, however, are identified by their "tiles" that can show their icon and also other dynamic contents. In addition, in Windows 8 and [[Windows 8.1]] RTM, they are not shown on the Windows taskbar when they run, but on a dedicated app switcher on the left side of the screen.<ref>{{cite web|title=Switch between open apps|url=http://www.microsoft.com/surface/en-us/support/apps-and-windows-store/how-to-switch-between-apps?lc=1033|work=[[Microsoft Surface]] manual|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=31 December 2013}}</ref> [[Windows 8.1 Update]] added taskbar icons for Metro-style apps.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fitzsimmons |first=Michelle |title=Windows 8.1 Update 1: hands on with Microsoft's latest Windows update |url= http://www.techradar.com/news/software/operating-systems/windows-8-1-update-1-what-s-in-microsoft-s-latest-windows-update-1232863 |work=[[TechRadar]] |publisher=[[Future plc]] |access-date=May 19, 2014 |date=May 13, 2014}}</ref>
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[[Windows 10]] brings significant changes to how UWP apps look and work.
=== Look and
{{See also|Fluent Design System}}
UWP apps are designed by individuals or software companies which leads to apps having their own look and feel. However, UWP apps built specifically for Windows 10 and 11 typically appear and function differently than ones on older versions, as they use new UI controls that look different from those of previous versions of Windows. The exception to this are apps that use custom UI, which is especially the case with video games. Apps designed for Windows 8.x look significantly different from those designed for Windows 10 and 11.
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UWP apps in Windows 10 can open in multiple windows. Microsoft Edge, Calculator, and Photos are examples of apps that allow this. Windows 10 v1803 (released in May 2018) added true multi-instancing capabilities, so that multiple independent copies of a UWP app can run.<ref name="multi-instancing" />
=== Licensing and
UWP apps can be downloaded from [[Windows Store]] or can be [[Sideloading|sideloaded]]. The sideloading requirements were reduced significantly from Windows 8.x to 10, but the app must still be signed by a trusted [[digital certificate]] that chains to a [[root certificate]].<ref>{{cite AV media |last1=Sheehan |first1=John |first2=Peyman |last2=Zanjani |date=30 March 2016 |title=Project Centennial: Bringing Existing Desktop Applications to the Universal Windows Platform |medium=Video |url=https://channel9.msdn.com/Events/Build/2016/B829 |access-date=3 April 2016 |minutes=8:50 |___location=San Francisco |publisher=Microsoft Corporation |archive-date=29 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129101429/https://channel9.msdn.com/Events/Build/2016/B829 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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Metro-style apps can only be developed using Microsoft's own development tools. According to Allen Bauer, Chief Scientist of [[Embarcadero Technologies]], there are APIs that every computer program must call but Microsoft has forbidden them, except when the call comes from Microsoft's own [[Visual C++]] runtime.<ref>{{cite web|last=Grange|first=Eric|title=Why no native WinRT support in Delphi XE3?|url=http://www.delphitools.info/2012/08/23/why-no-native-winrt-support-in-delphi-xe3/|work=DelphiTools|access-date=13 January 2014|date=23 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Anderson|first=Tim|title=Third-party compilers locked out of Windows Runtime development|url=http://www.itwriting.com/blog/6347-third-party-compilers-locked-out-of-windows-runtime-development.html|work=Tim Anderson's ITWriting|access-date=13 January 2014|date=23 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Bauer|first=Allen|title=HTML5 Builder|url=https://forums.embarcadero.com/message.jspa?messageID=484319#484319|work=Embarcadero Developer Network|publisher=Embarcadero Technologies|access-date=13 January 2014|date=22 August 2012|archive-date=14 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614102211/https://forums.embarcadero.com/message.jspa?messageID=484319#484319|url-status=dead}}</ref>
===Universal
<!--[[Universal app]] redirects here-->
{{Main|Universal Windows Platform}}
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