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Nightscream (talk | contribs) Replaced technically circular definition with a more clearly explanatory one, with citations. |
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{{Use American English|date=September 2022}}
In [[computing]], a '''bitmap''' (also called '''raster''') graphic is an image formed from rows of different colored [[pixel]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kb.iu.edu/d/afmr|title=ARCHIVED: What are bitmap and vector graphics, and how are they different|publisher=University Information Technology Servivces|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=September 22, 2023|access-date=April 21, 2024|archive-date=April 21, 2024|archive-url=https://archive.ph/sBFcA}}</ref> A [[GIF]] is an example of a graphics image file that uses a bitmap.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/bitmap|title=bitmap|work=[[Encyclopaedia Brittanica]]|author=Gregersen, Erik|language=en-GB|url-status=live|date=January 26, 2022|access-date=April 21, 2024|archive-date=April 21, 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/VObv0}}</ref>
As a noun, the term "bitmap" is very often used to refer to a particular bitmapping application: the '''pix-map''', which refers to a map of [[pixel]]s, where each pixel may store more than two colors, thus using more than one bit per pixel. In such a case, the ___domain in question is the array of pixels which constitute a digital graphic output device (a screen or monitor). In some contexts, the term ''bitmap'' implies one bit per pixel, whereas ''pixmap'' is used for images with multiple bits per pixel.<ref>{{cite book |author=James D. Foley |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A4k29b0BdVMC&q=bitmap+pix+map+%22short+for+pixel+map%22&pg=PA13 |title=Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice |publisher=Addison-Wesley Professional |year=1995 |isbn=0-201-84840-6 |pages=13 |quote=The term bitmap, strictly speaking, applies only to 1-bit-per-pixel bilevel systems; for multiple-bit-per-pixel systems, we use the more general term pix-map (short for pixel map).}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title= Comprehensive Computer Graphics: Including C++ |author= V.K. Pachghare |publisher= Laxmi Publications |pages= 93 |year= 2005 |isbn= 81-7008-185-8 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=xIKK9RcSTR4C&q=bitmap+pixmap+one-bit+date:2004-2007&pg=PA93}}</ref>
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A bitmap is a type of [[computer storage|memory]] organization or [[image file format]] used to store [[digital image]]s. The term ''bitmap'' comes from the [[computer programming]] terminology, meaning just a ''map of bits'', a spatially mapped [[bit array|array of bits]]. Now, along with ''pixmap'', it commonly refers to the similar concept of a spatially mapped array of pixels. [[Raster graphics|Raster]] images in general may be referred to as bitmaps or pixmaps, whether synthetic or photographic, in files or memory.
Many [[graphical user interface]]s use bitmaps in their built-in graphics subsystems;<ref>{{cite book |title= Cross-Platform GUI Programming with Wxwidgets |author1=Julian Smart |author2=Stefan Csomor |author3=Kevin Hock |name-list-style=amp |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=CyMsvtgnq0QC&q=bitmap+pixmap+gui&pg=PA265 |publisher= Prentice Hall |year= 2006 |isbn= 0-13-147381-6}}</ref> for example, the [[Microsoft Windows]] and [[OS/2]] platforms' [[Graphics Device Interface|GDI]] subsystem, where the specific format used is the ''Windows and OS/2 bitmap file format'', usually named with the [[file extension]] of <code>.BMP</code> (or <code>.DIB</code> for ''device-independent bitmap''). Besides [[BMP file format|BMP]], other file formats that store literal bitmaps include [[ILBM|InterLeaved Bitmap (ILBM)]], [[Portable pixmap|Portable Bitmap (PBM)]], [[X BitMap|X Bitmap (XBM)]], and [[Wireless Application Protocol Bitmap Format|Wireless Application Protocol Bitmap (WBMP)]]<!-- please keep this list short; detailed list should be below -->. Similarly, most other image file formats, such as [[JPEG]], [[TIFF]], [[Portable Network Graphics|PNG]], and
==Pixel storage==
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