In an online survey of pair programmers from 2000, 96% of programmers stated that they enjoyed workworking more while pair programming than programming alone. Furthermore, 95% said that they were more confident in their work when they pair programmed. However, as the survey was among self-selected pair programmers, it did not account for programmers who were forced to pair program.<ref name="strengthening">{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Laurie|author1-link=Laurie Williams (software engineer) |last2=Kessler |first2=Robert R. |last3=Cunningham |first3=Ward |last4=Jeffries |first4=Ron |title=Strengthening the case for pair programming |journal=IEEE Software |volume=17 |issue=4 |year=2000 |pages=19–25 |doi=10.1109/52.854064 |url=http://sunnyday.mit.edu/16.355/williams.pdf |citeseerx=10.1.1.33.5248 }}</ref>