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On {{start date and age|1992|1|15|df=y|paren=y}}, Michael Moore of the [[University of Utah]] and Richard Nash started the first [[Internet chess server]], named the American Internet Chess Server (AICS), but generally known as simply the Internet Chess Server (ICS). The initial release was hosted at the [[Colorado School of Mines]], but it was moved to [[Carnegie Mellon University]] later the same year.<ref name="fics10year"/>
The software was coded, supported, and operated by volunteers until {{start date and age|1995|3|1|df=y|paren=y}}, when administrators{{who|date=April 2024}} began charging players for membership and changed the name to the [[Internet Chess Club|ICC]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.edcollins.com/chess/fics-icc.htm |title=Pawns Call King a Rook |first=Brad |last=Stone |access-date=2010-05-10 |date=2006-05-11 }}</ref>
Several former ICS programmers saw the commercialization of ICS as an exploitation of their work. This group, led by Chris Petroff and Henrik Gram, developed FICS as an alternative to the paid model, giving users free, unrestricted access. The server debuted on {{start date and age|1995|3|3|df=y|paren=y}}, just two days after the ICC announcement.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://members.cox.net/cpetroff/FICS/ |title=History of the Internet Chess Server – Part I |first=Chris |last=Petroff |date=2009-03-05 |access-date=2010-05-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100313150500/http://members.cox.net/cpetroff/FICS/ |archive-date=2010-03-13 }}</ref><ref name="fics10year">{{Cite web|url=http://www.freechess.org/Events/Anniversary/2005/index.html |title=FICS 10th Anniversary Celebrations |access-date=2010-05-10}}</ref>
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In 1998, the Free Internet Chess Organization (FICS) was organized as a [[nonprofit organization]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://gambiter.com/chess/online/Free_internet_chess_server.html|title=Free Internet Chess Server|website=gambiter.com|language=en|access-date=2017-09-28}}</ref>
In 2007, the legal entity was involuntarily dissolved.{{clarifyme|date=April 2024}} The server is still maintained and administered by volunteers.<ref name=":0" />
As of August 2014, FICS had over 650,000 registered accounts.<ref name=":0" />
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