Plains Apache language: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 02:30, 9 April 2024

Revision as of 01:42, 14 May 2024

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{{distinguish|Kiowa language}}

{{Infobox language

| name = Plains Apache

| altname = Kiowa Apache =

| states = [[United States]]

| region = [[Caddo County]], [[Oklahoma]]

| ethnicity = [[Plains Apache]]

| extinct = 2008

| familycolor = Dené-Yeniseian

| fam2 = [[Na-Dene languages|Na-Dene]]

| fam3 = [[Athabaskan languages|Athabaskan]]

| fam4 = [[Southern Athabaskan languages|Southern Athabaskan]]

| map = Southern_Athabaskan_languages.svg

| mapcaption = Historical distribution of Southern Athabaskan languages. Plains Apache (labeled Kiowa Apache) is located in northwestern Oklahoma.

| iso3 = apk

| glotto = kiow1264

| glottorefname = Kiowa Apache

| notice = IPA

}}

The '''Plains Apache''' language (or '''Kiowa Apache''' language) was a [[Southern Athabaskan languages|Southern Athabaskan language]] formerly spoken by the [[Plains Apache]], organized as the [[Apache Tribe of Oklahoma]], living primarily around [[Anadarko, Oklahoma|Anadarko]] in southwest [[Oklahoma]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Everett |first1=Dianna |title=Apache Tribe of Oklahoma |url=https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=AP002 |website=The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture |publisher=Oklahoma Historical Society |access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> The language is [[extinct language|extinct]] as of 2008, when Alfred Chalepah, Jr., the last native speaker, died.<ref>Morgan, J. L. (2012). ''Classificatory Verbs in Plains Apache'' (Doctoral dissertation, University of Oklahoma).</ref>

Plains Apache is the most divergent member of the Southern Athabaskan languages, a family which also includes [[Navajo language|Navajo]], [[Chiricahua language|Chiricahua Apache]], [[Mescalero language|Mescalero Apache]], [[Lipan Apache language|Lipan Apache]], [[Western Apache language|Western Apache]], and [[Jicarilla Apache language|Jicarilla Apache]]. As a member of the broader Athabaskan family, it has an extremely complex system of verbal morphology, often enabling entire sentences to be constructed with only a verb.