Content deleted Content added
m promissing > promising |
|||
Line 3:
== Mitotic index (also called mitotic count) ==
[[File:
Mitotic indexing is the oldest method of assessing proliferation and is determined by counting the number of mitotic figures (cells undergoing mitosis) through a light microscope on [[H&E stain|H&E]] stained sections. It is usually expressed as the number of cells per microscopic field. Cells in the mitotic phase are identified by the typical appearance of their chromosomes in the cell during the mitotic phase of the cell cycle.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Baak|first=J. P.|date=July 1990|title=Mitosis counting in tumors|journal=Human Pathology|volume=21|issue=7|pages=683–685|issn=0046-8177|pmid=2131787|doi=10.1016/0046-8177(90)90026-2}}</ref> Usually the number of mitotic figures is expressed as the total number in a defined number of high power fields, such as 10 mitoses in 10 high power fields. Since the field of vision area can vary considerably between different microscopes, the exact area of the high power fields should be defined in order to compare results from different studies. Accordingly, one of the main problems of counting mitosis has been the reproducibility. Thus, the need for standardized methodology and strict protocols is important to achieve reproducible results.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=van Diest|first1=P. J.|last2=Baak|first2=J. P.|last3=Matze-Cok|first3=P.|last4=Wisse-Brekelmans|first4=E. C.|last5=van Galen|first5=C. M.|last6=Kurver|first6=P. H.|last7=Bellot|first7=S. M.|last8=Fijnheer|first8=J.|last9=van Gorp|first9=L. H.|date=June 1992|title=Reproducibility of mitosis counting in 2,469 breast cancer specimens: results from the Multicenter Morphometric Mammary Carcinoma Project|journal=Human Pathology|volume=23|issue=6|pages=603–607|issn=0046-8177|pmid=1592381|doi=10.1016/0046-8177(92)90313-r}}</ref> Automated image alalysis using deep learning-based algorithms has been proposed as a promising tool to assist pathologists and thereby improve reproducibility and accuracy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bertram |first1=Christof A |last2=Aubreville |first2=Marc |last3=Donovan |first3=Taryn A |last4=Bartel |first4=Alexander |last5=Wilm |first5=Frauke |last6=Marzahl |first6=Christian |last7=Assenmacher |first7=Charles-Antoine |last8=Becker |first8=Kathrin |last9=Bennett |first9=Mark |last10=Corner |first10=Sarah |last11=Cossic |first11=Brieuc |last12=Denk |first12=Daniela |last13=Dettwiler |first13=Martina |last14=Gonzalez |first14=Beatriz Garcia |last15=Gurtner |first15=Corinne |last16=Haverkamp |first16=Ann-Kathrin |last17=Heier |first17=Annabelle |last18=Lehmbecker |first18=Annika |last19=Merz |first19=Sophie |last20=Noland |first20=Erika L |last21=Plog |first21=Stephanie |last22=Schmidt |first22=Anja |last23=Sebastian |first23=Franziska |last24=Sledge |first24=Dodd G |last25=Smedley |first25=Rebecca C |last26=Tecilla |first26=Marco |last27=Thaiwong |first27=Tuddow |last28=Fuchs-Baumgartinger |first28=Andrea |last29=Meuten |first29=Donald J |last30=Breininger |first30=Katharina |last31=Kiupel |first31=Matti |last32=Maier |first32=Andreas |last33=Klopfleisch |first33=Robert |title=Computer-assisted mitotic count using a deep learning–based algorithm improves interobserver reproducibility and accuracy |journal=Veterinary Pathology |year=2021 |doi=10.1177/03009858211067478 |pmid=34965805 |s2cid=245567911 |doi-access=free |pmc=8928234 }}</ref>
| |||
