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Line 60: While the value of {{mvar\|α}} can be determined from estimates of the constants that appear in any of its definitions, the theory of [[quantum electrodynamics]] (QED) provides a way to measure {{mvar\|α}} directly using the [[quantum Hall effect]] or the [[anomalous magnetic moment]] of the [[electron]].<ref name=":0"> {{cite journal \|~~last~~last1=Fan \|~~first~~first1=X. \|last2=Myers \|first2=T. G G. \|last3=Sukra \|first3=B. A A. D D. \|last4=Gabrielse \|first4=G. \|date=2023-02-13 \|title=Measurement of the Electron Magnetic Moment \|url=https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.071801 \|journal=Physical Review Letters \|volume=130 \|issue=7 \|pages=071801 \|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.071801\|pmid=36867820 \|arxiv=2209.13084 }}</ref> Other methods include the A.C. Josephson effect and photon recoil in atom interferometry.<ref name=Yu2019> {{cite journal Line 67: \|last5=Parker \|first5=R.H. \|last6=Müller \|first6=H. \|year=2019 \|title=~~Atom‐interferometry~~Atom-interferometry measurement of the fine structure constant \|journal=Annalen der Physik \|volume=531 \|issue=5 \|page=1800346 Line 706: \|title=Poles and directions \|website=Antarctica \|date=27 October 2020 \|publisher=Australian Government \|url=https://www.antarctica.gov.au/about-antarctica/geography-and-geology/geography/poles-and-directions/

Fine-structure constant: Difference between revisions