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Former President [[Barack Obama]] requested $147.696 billion for research and development in [[Fiscal year|FY]]2012, 21% of which was destined to fund basic research.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R41098.pdf|title=Federal Research and Development Funding: FY2011|publisher=Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service|year=2011|editor-last=Sargent|editor-first=John F Jr|oclc=1097445714}}</ref> According to National Science Foundation in U.S., in 2015, R&D expenditures performed by federal government and local governments are 54 and 0.6 billions of dollars.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2018/nsb20181/assets/1038/research-and-development-u-s-trends-and-international-comparisons.pdf|title=Research and Development: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons, National Science Foundation.}}</ref> The federal research and development budget for fiscal year 2020 was $156 billion, 41.4% of which was for the Department of Defense ([[United States Department of Defense|DOD]]).<ref>{{Cite web|date=17 December 2020|title=Federal Research and Development (R&D) Funding: FY2021|url=https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R46341|access-date=20 February 2021}}</ref> DOD's total research, development, test, and evaluation budget was roughly $108.5 billion.<ref>{{Cite web|date=February 2020|title=RDT&E Programs (R-1)|url=https://comptroller.defense.gov/Portals/45/Documents/defbudget/fy2021/fy2021_r1.pdf|access-date=20 February 2021|website=Office of the Undersecretary of Defense (Comptroller)}}</ref><gallery mode="packed">
File:The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (9416811752).jpg|The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
File:Learning Research and Development Center, Pitt.jpg|Learning Research and Development Center, Pittsburg
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===European Union===
[[File:Mercedes Benz Research Development North America (13896049248).jpg|thumb|Mercedes Benz Research Development North America (13896049248)]]▼
Europe is lagging behind in R&D investments from the past two decades. The target of 3% of [[Gross domestic product|gross domestic product (GDP)]] was meant to be reached by 2020, but the current amount is below this target. This also causes a [[digital divide]] among countries since only a few [[Member state of the European Union|EU Member States]] have R&D spending.<ref name=":133">{{Cite web |last=Bank |first=European Investment |date=2023-02-28 |title=Innovation overview 2023 |url=https://www.eib.org/en/publications/innovation-overview-2023 |language=EN}}</ref>
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As of 2023, European enterprises account for 18% of the world's top 2 500 R&D corporations, but just 10% of new entrants, compared to 45% in the United States and 32% in China.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bank |first=European Investment |url=https://www.eib.org/en/publications/20230323-investment-report-2023 |title=EIB Investment Report 2023/2024: Transforming for competitiveness |date=2024-02-07 |publisher=European Investment Bank |isbn=978-92-861-5648-9 |language=EN}}</ref>
As of 2024, the electronics sector leads in R&D investment, with 28% of its total investment dedicated to it. This is followed by textiles (19%), digital (18%), and aerospace (15%). Other sectors allocate less than 10% of their total investment to R&D.<ref name=":204">{{Cite book |last=Bank |first=European Investment |url=https://www.eib.org/en/publications/20230325-post-covid-recovery-and-green-transition-an-ecosystem-view |title=Post-COVID recovery and green transition: An ecosystem view |date=2024-05-08 |publisher=European Investment Bank |isbn=978-92-861-5617-5 |language=EN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Press corner |url=https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/home/en |access-date=2024-05-31 |website=European Commission - European Commission}}</ref><gallery mode="packed">
File:Secop R&D Center in Gleisdorf Austria.jpg|Secop R&D Center in Gleisdorf Austria
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===Worldwide===
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