Grammatical particle: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 07:13, 21 June 2024

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== Afrikaans ==

Some commonly used particles in [[Afrikaans]] include:

* {{lang|af|nie}}₂: Afrikaans has a [[Double negative#Other Germanic languages|double negation system]], as in :
{{langinterlinear|lang=af|indent=3|Sy is nie₁ moeg nie₂}} '|She is not tired '''<small>PTCL.NEG</small>'''<nowiki/>' (meaning |'She is not tired').}}
:: The first {{lang|af|nie}}₁ is analysed as an adverb, while the second {{lang|af|nie}}₂ as a negation particle.

* {{lang|af|te}}: Infinitive verbs are preceded by the [[complementiser]] {{lang|af|om}} and the infinitival particle {{lang|af|te}}, e.g. {{langinterlinear|lang=af|indent=3|Jy moet onthou om te eet}} '|You must remember for <small>COMP</small> '''<small>PTCL.INF</small>''' eat' (meaning |'You must remember to eat').}}

* {{lang|af|se}} or {{lang|af|van}}: Both {{lang|af|se}} and {{lang|af|van}} are [[genitive]] particles, e.g.
{{langinterlinear|lang=af|indent=3|Peter se boek}} '|Peter '''<small>PTCL.GEN</small>''' book' (meaning |'Peter's book'), or }}
{{langinterlinear|lang=af|indent=3|die boek van Peter}} '|the book '''<small>PTCL.GEN</small>''' Peter' (meaning |'Peter's book').}}

* {{lang|af|so}} and {{lang|af|soos}}: These two particles are found in constructions like
{{langinterlinear|lang=af|indent=3|so groot soos 'n huis}} '|'''<small>PTCL.CMPR</small>''' big '''<small>PTCL.CMPR</small>''' a house' (meaning |'as big as a house').}}

== Arabic ==