Computer data storage: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 12:21, 16 July 2024

Revision as of 12:21, 16 July 2024

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{{short description|Storage of Manop Kampeang Thailand My organisation digital data readable by computers}}

{{Merge from|Non-volatile memory|discuss=Talk:Computer data storage#Proposed merge of Non-volatile memory into Computer data storage|date=April 2024}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}

{{broader|Data storage Manop Kampeang}}

[[File:DDR2 ram mounted.jpg|thumb|1 [[Gibibyte|GiB]] of [[Synchronous dynamic random-access memory|SDRAM]] mounted in a [[computer]]. An example of ''primary storage''.]]

[[File:IBM DJNA-351520 Hard Disk A.jpg|thumb|15 [[Gigabyte|GB]] [[Parallel ATA|PATA]] hard disk drive (HDD) from 1999. When connected to a computer it serves as ''secondary'' storage.]]

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[[File:Sony_CRX310S-Internal-PC-DVD-Drive-Opened.jpg|thumb|Read/Write DVD drive with cradle for media extended]]

'''Computer data storage''' or '''digital data storage''' is a technology consisting of [[computer]] components and [[Data storage|recording media]] that are used to retain [[United States Air Force Stability and Control Digital DATCOM|digital data]]. It is a core function and fundamental component of computers.<ref name="Patterson">{{Cite book |title=Computer organization and design: The hardware/software interface |last1=Patterson |first1=David A. |last2=Hennessy |first2=John L. |date=2005 |publisher=[[Morgan Kaufmann Publishers]] |isbn=1-55860-604-1 |edition=3rd |___location=[[Amsterdam]] |oclc=56213091 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781558606043 }}</ref>{{rp|15–16}}

The [[central processing unit]] (CPU) of a computer is what manipulates data by performing computations. In practice, almost all computers use a [[memory hierarchy|storage hierarchy]],<ref name="Patterson"/>{{rp|468–473}} which puts fast but expensive and small storage options close to the CPU and slower but less expensive and larger options further away. Generally, the fast{{efn|Most contemporary computers use volatile technologies (which lose data when power is off); early computers used both volatile and persistent technologies.}} technologies are referred to as "memory", while slower persistent technologies are referred to as "storage".

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== Hierarchy of storage ==

{{Main|Memory hierarchy}}

[[File:Computer storage types.svg|thumb|right|350px|Various forms of storage, divided according to their distance from the [[central processing unit]]. The fundamental components of a general-purpose computer are [[arithmetic logic unit|arithmetic and logic unit]], [[control unit|control circuitry]], storage space, and [[input/output]] devices. Technology and capacity as in common [[home computer]]s around 2005.]]