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Guy Harris (talk | contribs) →History: List the Zuse Z3 and the Harvard Mark I as early computer programmed with punched tapes, and mention the Colossus computer in another clause of that sentence rather than in a separate sentence that's a bit redundant. |
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The concept of the stored-program computer can be traced back to the 1936 theoretical concept of a [[universal Turing machine]].<ref name="Copeland2006">{{cite book|author=B. Jack Copeland|author-link=B. Jack Copeland|title=Colossus: the secrets of Bletchley Park's codebreaking computers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gfL4ky-TQOMC&pg=PA104|year=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-284055-4|page=104}}</ref> Von Neumann was aware of this paper, and he impressed it on his collaborators.<ref name="Teuscher2004">{{cite book|author=Christof Teuscher|title=Alan Turing: life and legacy of a great thinker|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0IIsoRqw9hgC&pg=PA321|year=2004|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-540-20020-8|page=321–322}}</ref>
Many early computers, such as the [[Atanasoff–Berry computer]], were not reprogrammable. They executed a single hardwired program. As there were no program instructions, no program storage was necessary. Other computers, though programmable, stored their programs on [[punched tape]], which was physically fed into the system as needed
In 1936, [[Konrad Zuse]] anticipated in two patent applications that machine instructions could be stored in the same storage used for data.<ref>{{citation |title=Konrad Zuses Bemühungen um die Patentanmeldung der Z3 |language=de |author-first=Susanne |author-last=Faber |date=2000}}</ref>
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