Chess problem: Difference between revisions

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==Titles==

Just as in over-the-board play, the titles [[Grandmaster (chess)|International Grandmaster]], [[FIDE Titles|International Master]] and [[FIDE Titles|FIDE Master]] are awarded by FIDE via the [[Permanent Commission of the FIDE for Chess Compositions]] (PCCC) for especially distinguished problem and study composers and solvers (unlike over-the-board chess, however, there have not been any women-only equivalents to these titles in problem chess).

For composition, the International Master title was established in 1959, with [[André Chéron]], [[Arnoldo Ellerman]], [[Alexander Gerbstmann]], [[Jan Hartong]], [[Cyril Kipping]] and [[Marian Wróbel]] being the first honorary recipients. In subsequent years, qualification for the IM title, as well as for the GM title (first awarded in 1972 to [[Genrikh Gasparyan|Genrikh Kasparyan]], [[Lev Loshinsky]], [[Comins Mansfield]], and [[Eeltje Visserman]]) and the FM title (first awarded 1990) has been determined on the basis of the number of problems or studies a composer had selected for publication in the [[FIDE Album]]s. These albums are collections of the best problems and studies composed in a particular three-year period, as selected by FIDE-appointed judges from submitted entries. Each problem published in an album is worth 1 point; each study is worth 1⅔; joint compositions are worth the same divided by the number of composers. For the FIDE Master title, a composer must accumulate 12 points; for the International Master title, 25 points are needed; and for the Grandmaster title, a composer must have 70 points.