Circulation control wing: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 05:52, 11 June 2024

Revision as of 03:48, 27 July 2024

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{{short description|Aircraft high-lift device}}

A '''circulation control wing''' (CCW) is a form of [[high-lift device]] for use on the main wing of an aircraft to increase the maximum [[lift coefficient]] and reduce the [[stalling speed]]. CCW technology has been in the research and development phase for over sixty years. [[Blown flaps]] were an early example of CCW.<ref name="Circulation Control Wing">{{cite web |url=http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/2005-01-3192 |title= A Propulsion Concept for Circulation Control Wing Technology |accessdate=20072024-1207-1527 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080102083136/http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/2005-01-3192 |archive-date=2008-01-02 |url-status=dead |publisher=[[SAE International]]}}</ref>

The CCW works by increasing the velocity of the airflow over the [[leading edge]] and [[trailing edge]] of a specially designed aircraft [[wing]] using a series of blowing slots that eject jets of high-pressure air. The wing has a rounded trailing edge to tangentially eject the air through the [[Coandă effect]] thus causing lift.<ref name="Slomski">{{cite web |url=httphttps://pdfarc.aiaa.org/previewdoi/CDReadyMFLC06_1187abs/PV2006_301110.pdf2514/6.2006-3011 |title=Large Eddy Simulation of a Circulation Control Airfoil. |accessdate=20072024-1207-1827 |last=Slomski |first=J.F. |date=2006-06-05 }}{{dead link|datepublisher=January[[American 2018Institute |bot=InternetArchiveBotof Aeronautics and Astronautics]] |fixurl-attemptedaccess=yes subscription}}</ref> The increase in [[velocity]] of the airflow over the wing also adds to the lift force through conventional [[airfoil]] lift production.<ref name="cc">{{cite book |title=FlightWise: Principles of Aircraft Flight |url=https://archive.org/details/flightwiseprinci0000carp |url-access=registration |last=Carpenter |first=Chris |year=1996 |publisher=Airlife Publishing Ltd |___location= UK |isbn=9781853107191 }}</ref>

[[Image:Circulation Control Airfoil.svg|thumb|The [[trailing edge]] of a CCW showing the blowing slot and tangential [[coanda]] airflow.]]

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== Other uses ==

=== Increased maneuverability ===

At low speeds, an aircraft has reduced airflow over the [[wing]] and [[vertical stabilizer]]. This causes the [[Flight control surfaces|control surfaces]] ([[ailerons]], [[elevator (aircraft)|elevator]]s and [[rudder]]) to be less effective. The CCW system increases the airflow over these surfaces and consequently can allow much higher maneuverability at low speeds.<ref name="Circulation Control Technology">{{cite web |author=Wright, Tim |url=http://www.airspacemag.com/issues/2007/april-may/custer_channel_wing.php?page=2|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120716165638/http://www.airspacemag.com/issues/2007/april-may/custer_channel_wing.php?page=2|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-07-16 |title=CirculationThat ControlExtra Little Lift Technology|accessdate=20072024-1207-1527 |publisher=[[Air & Space]] magazine}}</ref> However, if one of the CCW systems should fail at low speed, the affected wing is likely to [[stall (flight)|stall]] which could result in an inescapable [[spin (flight)|spin]]. Finally, the CCW system could be used on multi-engine aircraft in the result of an engine failure to cancel the [[asymmetric forces]] from the loss of power on one wing.<ref name="Circulation Control Technology"/>

=== Noise reduction ===