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Following the [[2011–2013 Russian protests|Snow Revolution protests against the outcomes of the 2011 Russian legislative election]] organized by several persons, including [[Pussy Riot]], [[Anton Nossik]], and [[Alexei Navalny]], who used Facebook, Twitter, and LiveJournal blogs to organize the events, [[Vyacheslav Volodin]], who was Deputy Prime Minister at the time and later became First Deputy Chief of Staff of the [[Presidential Administration of Russia]] and was responsible for domestic policy, was tasked with countering these efforts and began to rein in the internet using ''Prisma'' ({{lang-ru|«Призма»}}) which "actively tracks the social media activities that result in increased social tension, disorderly conduct, protest sentiments and extremis" by monitoring in real time from more than 60 million feeds about the protesters discussions on blogs and social networks and perform social media tracking which later led to establishing the [[Internet Research Agency]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Chen |first=Adrian |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/07/magazine/the-agency.html |title=The Agency: From a nondescript office building in St. Petersburg, Russia, an army of well-paid "trolls" has tried to wreak havoc all around the Internet — and in real-life American communities. |work=[[New York Times]] |date=2 June 2015 |access-date=24 March 2022 |archive-date=19 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219110727/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/07/magazine/the-agency.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author1=((Айдар Бурибаев (Buribaev, Aidar) )) |author2=((Роман Баданин (Badanin, Roman) )) |url=https://www.forbes.ru/sobytiya/vlast/92590-kak-vlasti-chitayut-vashi-blogi-rassledovanie-forbes |title=Как власти читают ваши блоги: расследование Forbes |trans-title=How authorities read your blogs: Forbes investigation |language=ru |work=[[Forbes]] |date=15 August 2012 |access-date=24 March 2022 |archive-date=20 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820142747/https://www.forbes.ru/sobytiya/vlast/92590-kak-vlasti-chitayut-vashi-blogi-rassledovanie-forbes}}</ref><ref name=Nossik15052014>{{cite magazine |url=https://newrepublic.com/article/117771/putins-internet-crackdown-russias-first-blogger-reacts |title=Russia's First Blogger Reacts to Putin's Internet Crackdown |magazine=[[The New Republic]] |date=15 May 2014 |access-date=13 April 2022 |archive-date=13 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220413000758/https://newrepublic.com/article/117771/putins-internet-crackdown-russias-first-blogger-reacts}}</ref> Nossik claimed that the Twitter fueled events in 2009 in Moldova known as the ''[[April 2009 Moldovan parliamentary election protests|Twitter Revolution]]'' and the events of [[Arab Spring]], which [[Igor Sechin]] blamed [[Social media and the Arab Spring|Google]] for masterminding the revolution in Egypt, were not as devastating to Putin as the events of the Snow Revolution during 2011–2012.<ref name=Nossik15052014/> Putin announced on 24 April 2014 that numerous laws would be enacted to restrict freedoms of expression on the internet through censorship and were signed into law by Putin on 5 May 2014 with enforcement beginning on 1 August 2014, according to Nossik.<ref name=Nossik15052014/>
Twelve of the thirteen Russian nationals indicted by [[Robert Mueller]] for conspiracy meddling in the [[2016 United States presidential election]] were employees of the Internet Research Agency, based in St. Petersburg, Russia.<ref name="CNN20180217">{{cite news |title=Mueller indicts 13 Russian nationals over 2016 election interference |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/02/16/politics/mueller-russia-indictments-election-interference/index.html |access-date=March 3, 2022 |publisher=CNN |date=February 17, 2018 |quote=According to the indictment, Prigozhin controlled Concord Catering, a group that funded the Internet Research Agency. By around September 2016, the indictment says, the Internet Research Agency's monthly budget for the project that included the US election interference operation exceeded 73 million Russian rubles, or over $1.25 million.}}</ref><ref name="CNN2017IRA">{{cite news |title=Exclusive: Putin's 'chef,' the man behind the troll factory |url=https://www.cnn.com/2017/10/17/politics/russian-oligarch-putin-chef-troll-factory/index.html |access-date=March 3, 2022 |publisher=CNN |date=October 17, 2017 |quote=The Internet Research Agency was based at 55 Savushkina Street in St. Petersburg before it officially ceased operations on December 28, 2016. But investigative journalist Andrei Zakharov, who works for the business media group RBC, says its work continues.}}</ref><ref name="chen20150602">{{Cite news |last=Chen |first=Adrian |author-link=Adrian Chen |date=2 June 2015 |title=The Agency: From a nondescript office building in St. Petersburg, Russia, an army of well-paid 'trolls' has tried to wreak havoc all around the Internet – and in real-life American communities |work=[[The New York Times Magazine]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/07/magazine/the-agency.html |access-date=3 June 2015 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>{{efn|The indicted individuals are Dzheykhun Nasimi Ogly Aslanov, Anna Vladislavovna Bogacheva, Maria Anatolyevna Bovda, Robert Sergeyevich Bovda, Mikhail Leonidovich Burchik, Mikhail Ivanovich Bystrov, Irina Viktorovna Kaverzina, Aleksandra Yuryevna Krylova, Vadim Vladimirovich Podkopaev, Sergey Pavlovich Polozov, Yevgeny Viktorovich Prigozhin, Gleb Igorevitch Vasilchenko, and Vladimir Venkov.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indictment in Mueller investigation, February 2018 |url=https://www.justice.gov/file/1035477/download |access-date=31 July 2018}}</ref> All of the defendants are charged with [[conspiracy to defraud the United States]], 3 are charged with conspiracy to commit [[wire fraud]] and [[bank fraud]], and 5 defendants are charged with aggravated [[identity theft]]. None of the defendants are in custody.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2018 |title=Special counsel Mueller: Russians conducted 'information warfare' against US during election to help Donald Trump win |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/02/16/russians-indicted-in-special-counsel-robert-muellers-probe.html |access-date=31 July 2018 |publisher=Cnbc.com}}</ref>}}{{efn|The Internet Research Agency's ''American Department'' was headed by Jeykhun Aslanov, an Azerbaijani who, in October 2017, was 27. Maria Bovda was the previous head of the American Department.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 October 2017 |title=Американское блюдо фабрики Пригожина |language=ru |trans-title=American dish factory Prigogine |work=Rospres |url=https://www.rospres.com/government/22451/ |access-date=19 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220063053/https://www.rospres.com/government/22451/ |archive-date=20 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=26 February 2018 |title=Ольгинский тролль Агата Бурдонова вовремя предала Евгения Пригожина |language=ru |trans-title=The Olginsky troll Agatha Burdonova betrayed Evgeny Prigozhin in time |work=Rospres |url=https://www.rospres.com/specserv/23611 |access-date=19 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220051408/https://www.rospres.com/specserv/23611/ |archive-date=20 December 2019}}</ref><ref name=tvrain24022018>{{Cite news |author=((Котляр, Евгения (Kotlyar, Evgenia) )) |url=https://tvrain.ru/news/byvshij_menedzher_inostrannogo_otdela-458293/ |title=Бывший менеджер иностранного отдела "фабрики троллей" переехала жить в США: Бывший дежурный менеджер иностранного отдела "Агентства интернет-исследований" ("фабрика троллей") Агата Бурдонова переехала в США. Об этом она рассказала на своей странице во "ВКонтакте". |trans-title=Former manager of the foreign department of the "troll factory" moved to the USA: Former duty manager of the foreign department of the Internet Research Agency ("troll factory") Agata Burdonova moved to the United States. She spoke about this on her page on VKontakte. |language=ru |work=[[TV Rain]] |date=24 February 2018 |access-date=19 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220054410/https://tvrain.ru/news/byvshij_menedzher_inostrannogo_otdela-458293/ |archive-date=20 December 2019}}</ref> In 2019, [[TV Rain]] reported that others working in the ''Foreign Department'' included Katarina Aistova, Aistova's second assistant Maxim Elfimov, and Agata Burdonova who is an excellent English speaker that moved to [[Bellevue, Washington]] on 7 December 2017, obtained a United States social security number and has her own YouTube channel.<ref name=tvrain24022018/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zd_Gwwg-6Ao |title=Agata Burdonova YouTube channel |work=[[YouTube]] |access-date=24 March 2022}}</ref>}}{{efn|In October 2018 Russian accountant [[Elena Khusyaynova]] was charged with interferеnce in the 2016 and 2018 US elections. She is alleged{{according to whom|date=April 2022}} to have been working with the IRA. She was said to{{according to whom|date=April 2022}} have managed a $16 million budget.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://cdn.cnn.com/cnn/2018/images/10/19/khusyaynova.complaint.pdf |title=
== Russian Institute for Strategic Studies ==
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