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{{math}}/{{mvar}} for inline maths; clean up and check references/cites; format table with scope="col"/"row" for accessibility |
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== Some examples ==
=== Free space example ===
As one example, if there is free space between the two planes, the ray transfer matrix is given by: <math display="block"> \mathbf{S} = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & d \\ 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix} , </math> where {{mvar|d}} is the separation distance (measured along the optical axis) between the two reference planes. The ray transfer equation thus becomes: <math display="block"> \begin{bmatrix} x_2 \\ \theta_2 \end{bmatrix} = \mathbf{S} \begin{bmatrix} x_1 \\ \theta_1\end{bmatrix} , </math> and this relates the parameters of the two rays as: <math display="block"> \begin{
x_2 &
\theta_2 &
\end{
=== Thin lens example ===
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