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String theory was first studied in the late 1960s as a theory of the [[strong nuclear force]], before being abandoned in favor of [[quantum chromodynamics]]. Subsequently, it was realized that the very properties that made string theory unsuitable as a theory of nuclear physics made it a promising candidate for a quantum theory of gravity. The earliest version of string theory, [[bosonic string theory]], incorporated only the class of [[particle]]s known as [[boson]]s. It later developed into [[superstring theory]], which posits a connection called [[supersymmetry]] between bosons and the class of particles called [[fermion]]s. Five consistent versions of superstring theory were developed before it was conjectured in the mid-1990s that they were all different limiting cases of a single theory in eleven dimensions known as [[M-theory]]. In late 1997, theorists discovered an important relationship called the [[anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory correspondence]] (AdS/CFT correspondence), which relates string theory to another type of physical theory called a [[quantum field theory]].
One of the challenges of string theory is that the full theory does not have a satisfactory definition in all circumstances. Another issue is that the theory is thought to describe an enormous [[string landscape|landscape]] of possible [[Universe|universes]], which has complicated efforts to develop theories of particle physics based on string theory. These issues have led some in the community to criticize these approaches to physics, and to question the value of continued research on string theory unification.
== Fundamentals ==
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