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adding "and no deaths" from paper (COI: I work for an org into human challenge studies that sponsored the Adams-Phipps paper, 1Day Sooner, but this edit is out of personal interest/because I think it's an important detail. Open to reversion if others feel I should go through the COI edit request process. |
Patar knight (talk | contribs) Changing short description from "Intentional exposure of test subjects to a pathogen to test a vaccine or drug" to "Clinical trial with intentional exposure to a pathogen" |
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A '''human challenge study''', also called a '''challenge trial''' or '''controlled human infection model''' (CHIM), is a type of [[clinical trial]] for a [[vaccine]] or other [[drug|pharmaceutical]] involving the intentional exposure of the test subject to the condition tested.<ref name="lamb">{{Cite journal|last1=Lambkin-Williams|first1=Rob|last2=Noulin|first2=Nicolas|last3=Mann|first3=Alex|last4=Catchpole|first4=Andrew|last5=Gilbert|first5=Anthony S.|date=22 June 2018|title=The human viral challenge model: accelerating the evaluation of respiratory antivirals, vaccines and novel diagnostics|journal=Respiratory Research|volume=19|issue=1|pages=123|doi=10.1186/s12931-018-0784-1|issn=1465-993X|pmc=6013893|pmid=29929556 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="eyal">{{Cite journal|last1=Eyal|first1=Nir|last2=Lipsitch|first2=Marc|last3=Smith|first3=Peter G.|title=Human challenge studies to accelerate coronavirus vaccine licensure|url= |journal=The Journal of Infectious Diseases|doi=10.1093/infdis/jiaa152|date=31 March 2020|volume=221|issue=11|pages=1752–1756|pmid=32232474|pmc=7184325| name-list-style = vanc }}</ref><ref name="callaway">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Callaway E |date=April 2020|title=Should scientists infect healthy people with the coronavirus to test vaccines?|journal=Nature|volume=580|issue=7801|pages=17|doi=10.1038/d41586-020-00927-3|pmid=32218549|bibcode=2020Natur.580...17C|s2cid=256820005 |doi-access=}}</ref> Human challenge studies may be ethically controversial because they involve exposing test subjects to dangers beyond those posed by potential [[side effect]]s of the substance being tested.<ref name=eyal/><ref name=callaway/> Controlled human infection studies are also used to study viruses and immune responses.<ref name="Killingley 2022">{{cite journal |last1=Killingley |first1=Ben |last2=Mann |first2=Alex J. |last3=Kalinova |first3=Mariya |last4=Boyers |first4=Alison |last5=Goonawardane |first5=Niluka |last6=Zhou |first6=Jie |last7=Lindsell |first7=Kate |last8=Hare |first8=Samanjit S. |last9=Brown |first9=Jonathan |last10=Frise |first10=Rebecca |last11=Smith |first11=Emma |last12=Hopkins |first12=Claire |last13=Noulin |first13=Nicolas |last14=Löndt |first14=Brandon |last15=Wilkinson |first15=Tom |last16=Harden |first16=Stephen |last17=McShane |first17=Helen |last18=Baillet |first18=Mark |last19=Gilbert |first19=Anthony |last20=Jacobs |first20=Michael |last21=Charman |first21=Christine |last22=Mande |first22=Priya |last23=Nguyen-Van-Tam |first23=Jonathan S. |last24=Semple |first24=Malcolm G. |last25=Read |first25=Robert C. |last26=Ferguson |first26=Neil M. |last27=Openshaw |first27=Peter J. |last28=Rapeport |first28=Garth |last29=Barclay |first29=Wendy S. |last30=Catchpole |first30=Andrew P. |last31=Chiu |first31=Christopher |title=Safety, tolerability and viral kinetics during SARS-CoV-2 human challenge in young adults |journal=Nature Medicine |date=May 2022 |volume=28 |issue=5 |pages=1031–1041 |doi=10.1038/s41591-022-01780-9 |pmid=35361992 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-022-01780-9 |access-date=12 April 2024|hdl=10044/1/96278 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
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