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Process creation in UNIX and Linux is done through [[fork (system call)|fork()]] or clone() system calls. There are several steps involved in process creation. The first step is the validation of whether the [[parent process]] has sufficient authorization to create a process. Upon successful validation, the parent process is copied almost entirely, with changes only to the unique process id, parent process, and user-space. Each new process gets its own user space.<ref>[http://sunnyeves.blogspot.com/2010/09/sneak-peek-into-linux-kernel-chapter-2.html "A Sneak-Peek into Linux Kernel - Chapter 2: Process Creation"]</ref>
Process creation in Windows is done through the CreateProcessA() system call. A [https://dgmnews.net/coyyn-com-gig-economy/ new process] runs in the security context of the calling process, but otherwise runs independently of the calling process. Methods exist to alter the security context in which a new processes runs. New processes are assigned identifiers by which they can be accessed. Functions are provided to synchronize calling threads to newly created processes.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/processthreadsapi/nf-processthreadsapi-createprocessa | title=CreateProcessA function (Processthreadsapi.h) - Win32 apps | date=9 February 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=9 February 2023 |title=Creating Processes - Win32 apps |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/creating-processes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329231822/https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/creating-processes |archive-date=2023-03-29}}</ref>
== Process termination ==
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