Queer coding: Difference between revisions

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[[Gaston (Disney)|Gaston]] and LeFou in the 1991 film ''[[Beauty and the Beast (1991 film)|Beauty and the Beast]]'' and [[List of Disney's Aladdin characters|Jafar]] from the 1992 film ''[[Aladdin (1992 Disney film)|Aladdin]]'' were created by an openly gay animator named [[Andreas Deja]],<ref name="craig2000">{{cite magazine | first=Craig | last=Seymour | title=Yep, They're Gay | url=https://ew.com/article/2000/10/06/yep-theyre-gay/ | date=6 October 2000 | magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]]| url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111110135751/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,277857_2,00.html|archive-date=November 10, 2011}}</ref> and sang music by [[Howard Ashman]], who was also openly gay. The fact that Deja had also worked on [[Scar (The Lion King)|Scar]] in ''[[The Lion King]]'' and the titular character in ''[[Hercules (1997 film)|Hercules]]'', for example, has been discussed as an influence on the development of some Disney characters.<ref>{{cite book | first1=Gail | last1=Dines | first2=Jean | last2=McMahon Humez | title=Gender, Race, and Class in Media: A Text-reader | page=[https://archive.org/details/genderraceclassi0000unse/page/209 209] | date=August 2002 | publisher=Sage Publications | isbn=978-0-7619-2261-2 | url=https://archive.org/details/genderraceclassi0000unse/page/209 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first=Peter | last=Schweizer | title=The Mouse Betrayed | page=[https://archive.org/details/disneymousebetra00schw/page/148 148] | publisher=Regnery Publishing | date=September 1998 | isbn=0-89526-387-4 | url=https://archive.org/details/disneymousebetra00schw/page/148 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | first=Tom | last=Provenzano | title=The Lion in Summer | journal=The Advocate | page=66 | date=28 June 1994}}</ref>
 
Queer coding has led to some networks not wanting to show overt representation. Animator [[Rebecca Sugar]] argued that it is "really heavy" for a kid to only exist "as a villain or a joke" in an animated series.<ref name="insidersnydes" /> In 2011, Deja told [[news.com.au]] that Disney would have a "family that has two dads or two mums" if they find the "right kind of story with that kind of concept."<ref>{{cite journal | first=Daniela | last=Elser | title=Gay families in Disney movies only a matter of time, says Lion King animator Andreas Deja | url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/mickey-has-two-dads/story-e6frfmvr-1226015944009 | date=March 4, 2011 | journal=[[news.com.au]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807101046/http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/mickey-has-two-dads/story-e6frfmvr-1226015944009|archive-date=August 7, 2011|url-status=live|access-date=September 27, 2011}}</ref> However, critics regarded such queer-coded villains as contributing to "homophobic discourse" and equating queerness with evil itself.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gates |first1=Meggie |title=Once Again, Disney Attempts to Co-opt Pride Month |url=https://www.bitchmedia.org/article/disney-rebrands-pride-no-lgbtq-support |website=[[Bitch (magazine)|Bitch]] |access-date=September 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712054914/https://www.bitchmedia.org/article/disney-rebrands-pride-no-lgbtq-support |archive-date=July 12, 2021 |date=July 18, 2021 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Weir |first1=John |title=FILM; Gay-Bashing, Villainy and the Oscars |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/29/movies/film-gay-bashing-villainy-and-the-oscars.html |website=[[New York Times]] |access-date=September 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122220051/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/29/movies/film-gay-bashing-villainy-and-the-oscars.html |archive-date=January 22, 2021 |date=March 29, 1992 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Other critics have claimed that this attribution can lead to a negative association between queerness and immoral, licentious behavior.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Inés|last= Mendoza-Pérez|url=https://controlforever.com/read/queercoding-and-horror-films/|title=Queer-Coding and Horror Films|website=Control Forever|date=October 26, 2018}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pride.com/geek/2020/2/05/10-queer-coded-gay-villains-our-childhood|title=10 Queer-Coded, Gay Villains from Our Childhood|date=February 5, 2020|website=www.pride.com}}</ref>
 
In February 2021, producer [[Ralph Farquhar]] said that in ''[[The Proud Family]]'', which aired on the [[Disney Channel]] from 2001 to 2005, they had to use "code to talk about if Michael was gay, to talk about sexuality" and to be "sort of underhanded about it." He said this changed with ''[[The Proud Family: Louder and Prouder]]'' with the biggest changes to the show are "gender identity, obviously racial identity and quote-unquote [[woke]]ness," and said that sexuality can be "sort of in your face with it a lot more," manifesting itself in the storytelling.<ref>{{cite web|last=Wolfe|first=Jennifer|url=https://www.animationmagazine.net/streaming/the-proud-family-returns-to-screens-louder-prouder-even-more-authentic/|title='The Proud Family' Returns to Screens Louder, Prouder & Even More Authentic!|website=[[Animation Magazine]]|date=February 4, 2022|access-date=February 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220204183522/https://www.animationmagazine.net/streaming/the-proud-family-returns-to-screens-louder-prouder-even-more-authentic/|archive-date=February 4, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref>