Microprocessor: Difference between revisions

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A low overall cost, little packaging, simple [[computer bus]] requirements, and sometimes the integration of extra circuitry (e.g. the Z80's built-in [[memory refresh]] circuitry) allowed the [[home computer]] "revolution" to accelerate sharply in the early 1980s. This delivered such inexpensive machines as the Sinclair [[ZX81]], which sold for {{US$|99|1981}}. A variation of the 6502, the [[MOS Technology 6510]] was used in the [[Commodore 64]] and yet another variant, the 8502, powered the [[Commodore 128]].
 
[[Western Design Center|The Western Design Center, Inc]] (WDC) introduced the CMOS [[WDC 65C02]] in 1982 and licensed the design to several firms. It was used as the CPU in the [[Apple IIe]] and [[Apple IIc|IIc]] personal computers as well as in medical implantable grade [[pacemaker]]s and [[defibrillator]]s, automotive, industrial and consumer devices. WDC pioneered the licensing of microprocessor designs, later followed by [[Arm (company)Holdings|ARM]] (32-bit) and other microprocessor [[intellectual property]] (IP) providers in the 1990s.
 
Motorola introduced the [[Motorola 6809|MC6809]] in 1978. It was an ambitious and well thought-through 8-bit design that was [[source compatible]] with the [[Motorola 6800|6800]], and implemented using purely [[electrical wiring|hard-wired]] logic (subsequent 16-bit microprocessors typically used [[microcode]] to some extent, as [[complex instruction set computer|CISC]] design requirements were becoming too complex for pure hard-wired logic).