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===Middle Ages===
* [[Old Bengali]], (Thethe earliest forms of the [[Bengali Language]], known as "Old Bengali" or "Proto-Bengali",emerged during the [[Kingdom of Gauda]], 4th to 6th centuries).
* [[Geʽez|Ge'ez]], (language of the [[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church]],; the Garima Gospels are dated from the 5th century to the 10th century by various scholars).
* [[Classical Armenian]], the (oldest attested form of [[Armenian language|Armenian]] from the 5th century and literary language until the 18th century)
* [[Classical Arabic]], (based on the language of the [[Quran|Qur'an]], 7th century to present; liturgical language of [[Islam]])
* [[Kannada#Old Kannada|Classical Kannada]], (court language of [[Rashtrakuta dynasty|Rashtrakuta empire]],; earliest available literary work is the ''[[Kavirajamarga|Kavirājamārga]]'' of 850 AD) 850.<ref name=BritannicaLit>''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 2008. "Kannada literature" Quote: "''The earliest literary work is the ''Kavirājamārga'' (c. AD 850), a treatise on poetics based on a Sanskrit model.''"</ref>
* [[Old Saxon#Literature|Old Saxon]], (language of Saxon Christian literature, 9th to 12th centuries)
* [[Old English]], (language of ''[[Beowulf]]'' and the ''[[Anglo-Saxon Chronicle]]'' with many divergent written dialects, but partially standardized in [[West Saxon dialect|West Saxon]] form)
* [[Old French]], (language of Chivalricchivalric romance, 8th to 14th centuries)
* [[Old Georgian]], (language of Georgia, 5th to 11th centuries.)
* [[Old East Slavic]], (language of the [[Kievan Rus']], 9th to 13th centuries)
* [[New Persian#Classical Persian|New Persian]], (language of classical [[Persian literature]], 9th to present)
* [[Old Nubian]], (language of [[Nubia]], 9th or 10th to 15th centuries)
* [[Old Javanese]], (language of [[Javanese literature|Old Javanese]] literature, used primarily during [[Javanese people#Ancient Javanese kingdoms and empires|Hindu-Buddhist]] Javanese kingdom era from 10th to 15th centuries)<ref name="H.Cresse">{{cite journal |last1=Cresse |first1=Helen |title=Old Javanese Studies: A Review of the Field |journal=Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde |date=2001 |volume=1 |issue=157 |pages=3–33 |doi=10.1163/22134379-90003816 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/43472268 |access-date=23 February 2020|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Ogloblin">{{cite book |last=Ogloblin |first=Alexander K. |year=2005 |chapter=Javanese |title=The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BAShwSYLbUYC&pg=PA590 |editor1=K. Alexander Adelaar |editor2=Nikolaus Himmelmann |___location=London dan New York |publisher=Routledge |pages=590–624 |isbn=9780700712861 }}</ref>
* [[Old Church Slavonic]], (language of the [[First Bulgarian Empire]] during its Golden Age, 10th century, earliest manuscript is ''[[Freising manuscripts'')]]
* [[Classical Tibetan]], (religious and literary language of Tibet, 10th century to present)
* [[Assamese language#Magadhan and Gauda-Kamarupa stages|Classical Assamese]], (10th century CE)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-31 |title=Assamese language {{!}} Assamese Dialects, Brahmaputra Valley & Eastern India {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Assamese-language |access-date=2024-10-03 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en |quote=Assamese literary tradition dates to the 13th century. Prose texts, notably buranjis (historical works), began to appear in the 16th century.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=2024-08-31 |title=Charyapads as the Oldest Written Specimen of Assamese Literature|url=https://www.neliti.com/publications/429892/charyapads-as-the-oldest-written-specimen-of-assamese-literature#:~:text=While%20dividing%20this%20era%2C%20Charyapad,written%20specimen%20of%20Assamese%20literature.|journal=International Journal of Health Sciences|doi=10.53730/ijhs.v6nS1.6513 |language=en |quote=Charyapads are considered as the first written specimen of Assamese literature. |last1=Deka |first1=Joy Jyoti |last2=Boro |first2=Akashi Tara |pages=7028–7034 }}</ref>
* [[Classical Japanese]], (language of [[Heian period]] literature, 10th to 12th centuries)
* [[Middle Korean]], (language of [[Goryeo]] and [[Joseon]], 10th to 16th centuries)
* [[Old Occitan]], (language of the [[troubadour]]s, 11th to 14th centuries)
* [[Middle High German]], (language of [[Middle High German literature|Medieval German literature]], 11th to 14th centuries)
* [[Old Church Slavonic#Serbian recension|Old Serbian]], (language of [[Serbia]] before its conquest by the [[Ottoman Empire]], 11th to 14th centuries)
* [[Telugu language|Classical Telugu]]: (Thethe earliest available literary work is the Telugu Mahabharata, 1067 AD) 1067.
* [[Malayalam|Classical Malayalam]]: (Thethe earliest extant prose work is the ''Ramacharitam'', 12th century).<ref name="charitam">K. Ramachandran Nair in Ayyappapanicker (1997), p.301</ref>
* [[Odia language|Classical Odia]], (language of [[Odia literature]], 12th to 18th centuries)
* [[Old Norse]], (language of the [[Viking Age]], from the 12th century)
* [[Middle Bulgarian]], (language of the [[Second Bulgarian Empire]], 12th to 15th centuries)
* [[Middle Low German]], (language of the [[Hanseatic League]], 12th to 17th centuries)
* [[Old Uyghur]], (Turkic language which was spoken in Qocho from the 9th–14th centuries and in Gansu)
* [[Sagas of Icelanders|Classical Icelandic]], (the language of the [[Sagas of Icelanders|Icelandic sagas]], 13th century)
* [[Old Catalan|Classical Catalan]], (language of literature in the [[Crown of Aragon]], 13th to 14th centuries)
* [[Mandinka language|Classical Manding]], (language of the [[Mali Empire]], 13th to 16th centuries)
* [[Ruthenian language|Old Ruthenian]], (one language of the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]], 13th to 16th centuries)
* [[Old Anatolian Turkish]], (11th to 15th centuries)
* [[Geʽez#13th to 14th centuries|Classical Ge'ez]], (language of [[Golden Age of Ge'ez literature]], 13th to 16th centuries)
* [[Early Modern Irish#Classical Gaelic|Classical Irish or Classical Gaelic]], (language of the 13th to 18th centuries Scottish and Irish Gaelic literature)
* [[Wolof language|Classical Wolof]], (language of the [[Jolof Empire|Wolof Empire]], 13th to 19th centuries)
* [[Middle English]], (language of [[The Canterbury Tales]], 14th to 15th centuries, with many divergent written dialects, but partially standardized based on London speech)
* [[Middle French]], (language of the [[French Renaissance]], 14th to 17th centuries)
* [[History of the Hungarian language#Old Hungarian (10th to 15th centuries)|Classical Hungarian]], (language of [[Hungarian literature]], 14th to 15th centuries)
* [[Songhay languages|Classical Songhai]], (lingua franca of the [[Songhai Empire]], 14th to 16th centuries)
* [[Early New High German]], (language of the [[Holy Roman Empire]], the [[German Renaissance]], and the [[Reformation|Protestant Reformation]], 14th to 17th centuries)
* [[History of the Malay language#Classical Malay|Classical Malay]], (language of [[Maritime Southeast Asia]], 14th to 18th centuries)
* [[Marathi language]], derived from early forms of [[Prakrit]]. Marathi, is one of several languages that further descend from [[Maharashtri Prakrit]] in 12th to 13th Centuries centuries.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mokāśī |first=Digambara Bālakṛṣṇa |title=Palkhi: an Indian pilgrimage |last2=Mokashi |first2=Digambar Balkrishna |last3=Engblom |first3=Philip C. |last4=Mokāśī |first4=Digambara Bālakṛṣṇa |last5=Mokāśī |first5=Digambara Bālakṛṣṇa |date=1987 |publisher=State Univ. of New York Pr |isbn=978-0-88706-461-6 |___location=Albany, NY}}</ref>
* [[Chagatai language|Chagatai]], (classical Turkic language of Central Asia and the Volga, 14th to early 20th centuries)
* [[Old Khmer|Angkorian Old Khmer]], (language of the [[Khmer Empire]], from 14th century)
* [[Rekhta]], (poetic language of [[Delhi]] and the Northern/Central Indian subcontinent, 13th-18th century, became standardized as [[Urdu]] in the 19th century).
===Amerindian languages===
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