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Thomson at this point believed that all the mass of the atom was carried by the electrons.<ref>{{harvnb|Thomson|1904}}: "We suppose that the mass of an atom is the sum of the masses of the corpuscles it contains, so that the atomic weight of an element is measured by the number of corpuscles in its atom."</ref> This would mean that even a small atom would have to contain thousands of electrons, and the positive electrification that encapsulated them was without mass.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Baily |first=C. |date=January 2013 |title=Early atomic models – from mechanical to quantum (1904–1913) |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1140/epjh/e2012-30009-7 |journal=The European Physical Journal H |language=en |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=1–38 |doi=10.1140/epjh/e2012-30009-7 |arxiv=1208.5262 |bibcode=2013EPJH...38....1B |issn=2102-6459}}</ref>
===1905 lecture on electron arrangements===
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