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*relevant sections of the [[European External Action Service|External Action Service]] (EEAS) — including the [[European Union Military Staff|Military Staff]] (EUMS) with its so-called [[Military Planning and Conduct Capability]] (MPCC)
*a number of [[Foreign Affairs Council]] (FAC) preparatory bodies – such as the [[European Union Military Committee|Military Committee]] (EUMC)
*four [[Agencies of the European Union|agencies]], including the European [[European Defence Agency|Defence Agency]] (EDA).
While the EU has a [[Command and control structure of the European Union|command and control (C2) structure]], it has no standing permanent military structure along the lines of the [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]]'s (NATO) [[Allied Command Operations]] (ACO), although it has been agreed that ACO resources may be used for the conduct of the EU's CSDP missions. The MPCC, established in 2017 and to be strengthened in 2020, does however represent the EU's first step in developing a permanent military headquarters. In parallel, the newly established [[European Defence Fund]] (EDF) marks the first time the [[Budget of the European Union|EU budget]] is used to finance multinational defence projects. The CSDP structure is sometimes referred to as the '''European Defence Union''' ('''EDU'''), especially in relation to its prospective development as the EU's defence arm.<ref name="auto"/><ref name="European Commission - PRESS RELEASE"/><ref name="Archived copy"/>{{Efn|Akin to the EU's [[banking union]], [[Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union|economic and monetary union]] and [[European Union Customs Union|customs union]].}}
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