Bioinformatics: Difference between revisions

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[[Image:Genome viewer screenshot small.png|thumbnail|220px|Map of the human X chromosome (from the [[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] (NCBI) website)]]
 
'''Bioinformatics''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=en-us-bioinformatics.ogg|ˌ|b|aɪ|.|oʊ|ˌ|ɪ|n|f|ɚ|ˈ|m|æ|t|ɪ|k|s}}) is an [[interdisciplinary]] field of [[science]] that develops methods and [[Bioinformatics software|software tool]]s for understanding [[biological]] data, especially when the data sets are large and complex. Bioinformatics uses [[biology]], [[chemistry]], [[physics]], [[computer science]], [[computer programming]], [[information engineering]], [[mathematics]] and [[statistics]] to analyze and interpret [[biological data]]. The process of analyzing and interpreting data can somesometimes timesbe referred to as [[computational biology]], however this distinction between the two terms is often disputed. To some, the term computational biology refers to building and using models of biological systems.
 
Computational, statistical, and computer programming techniques have been used for [[In silico|computer simulation]] analyses of biological queries. They include reused specific analysis "pipelines", particularly in the field of [[genomics]], such as by the identification of [[gene]]s and single [[nucleotide]] polymorphisms ([[SNPs]]). These pipelines are used to better understand the genetic basis of disease, unique adaptations, desirable properties (esp. in agricultural species), or differences between populations. Bioinformatics also includes [[proteomics]], which tries to understand the organizational principles within [[nucleic acid]] and [[protein]] sequences.<ref>{{cite web |vauthors=Lesk AM |date=26 July 2013 |title=Bioinformatics |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/bioinformatics |website=Encyclopaedia Britannica |access-date=17 April 2017 |archive-date=14 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414103621/https://www.britannica.com/science/bioinformatics |url-status=live }}</ref>