In science and engineering, the terms ''data processing'' and ''[[information system]]ssystems'' are considered too broad, and the term ''data processing'' is typically used for the initial stage followed by a [[data analysis]] in the second stage of the overall data handling.
Data analysis uses specialized [[algorithm]]salgorithms and [[statistical]] calculations that are less often observed in a typical general business environment. For data analysis, software suites like [[SPSS]] or [[SAS (software)|SAS]], or their free counterparts such as [[DAP (software)|DAP]], [[gretl]], or [[PSPP]] are often used. These tools are usually helpful for processing various huge data sets, as they are able to handle enormous amount of statistical analysis.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=V |first1=Jalajakshi |last2=A n |first2=Myna |date=2022-06-01 |title=Importance of statistics to data science |journal=Global Transitions Proceedings |series=International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Approach(ICIEA-2022) |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=326–331 |doi=10.1016/j.gltp.2022.03.019 |issn=2666-285X|doi-access=free }}</ref>
