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Sammi Brie (talk | contribs) Adding short description: "Learning model" |
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{{Short description|Learning model}}
The concept of double-loop learning was introduced by [[Chris Argyris]] in the 1970s'''. Double-loop learning''' entails the modification of [[goal]]s or [[decision-making]] rules in the light of experience. In double-loop learning, individuals or organizations not only correct errors based on existing rules or assumptions (which is known as single-loop learning), but also question and modify the underlying assumptions, goals, and norms that led to those actions. The first loop uses the goals or decision-making rules, the second loop enables their modification, hence "double-loop". Double-loop learning recognises that the way a problem is defined and solved can be a source of the problem.<ref name=c-argyris-learning>{{cite journal |last1=Argyris |first1=Chris |author-link=Chris Argyris |title=Teaching smart people how to learn |journal=[[Harvard Business Review]] |date=May 1991 |volume=69 |issue=3 |pages=99–109 |url=http://pds8.egloos.com/pds/200805/20/87/chris_argyris_learning.pdf |access-date=22 November 2015}}</ref> This type of learning can be useful in [[organizational learning]] since it can drive creativity and [[innovation]], going beyond adapting to change to anticipating or being ahead of change.<ref name="Malone">{{Cite book|title=Learning about Learning|last=Malone|first=Samuel A.|publisher=[[Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development]]|year=2003|isbn=0852929897|oclc=52879237|___location=London|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=ubxwtycv-xUC&pg=PA80 80]}}</ref>
== Concept ==
Double-loop learning is contrasted with "single-loop learning": the repeated attempt at the same issue, with no variation of method and without ever questioning the goal.
{{Blockquote|text=[A] thermostat that automatically turns on the heat whenever the temperature in a room drops below 69°F is a good example of single-loop learning. A thermostat that could ask, "why am I set to 69°F?" and then explore whether or not some other temperature might more economically achieve the goal of heating the room would be engaged in double-loop learning|author=[[Chris Argyris]] |source=''Teaching Smart People How To Learn''<ref name="c-argyris-learning"/>{{rp|99}}}}
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