Pakistani missile research and development program: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 23:46, 8 November 2024

Revision as of 13:36, 26 November 2024

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| Hatf-VII || [[Babur (cruise missile)|Babur]] || 2011 || {{small|Army Strategic Forces Command}} <br>{{small|Naval Strategic Forces Command}} || {{army|PAK}}<br>{{navy|PAK}}

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| Hatf-VIII || [[Ra'ad (air-launched cruise missile)|Ra'ad]] || 2012 || {{small|Air Force Strategic Forces Command}} || {{air force|PAK}}

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| Hatf-XI || [[Nasr (missile)|Nasr]] || 2011 || {{small|Army Strategic Forces Command}} || {{army|PAK}}

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[[File:Babur cruise missile 3.jpg|thumb|250px|right|{{small|The ''Babur'' in Pakistani military markings being showcased in Karachi in 2006.}}]]Development on understanding and developing cruise missile technology began in Pakistan when India initiated its [[Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme|missile defense program]] in 1998. Amidst the tense environment between the [[Second Nawaz Sharif ministry|Sharif administration]], [[Premiership of Atal Bihari Vajpayee|Vajpayee premiership]] and [[Presidency of Bill Clinton|Clinton administration]], Pakistan's development of cruise missiles was spurred by India's acquisition of the [[S-300 missile system|S-300 Grumble]] from Russia and its attempts to negotiate with the United States for the [[MIM-104 Patriot|Patriot PAC-3]]. These developments negatively impacted Pakistan's land-based deterrence mechanism.{{rp|388}}<ref name="Stanford University Press, Khan, 2012" />

It took Pakistan several years to make its cruise missile program feasible. In 2005, the first [[Babur (cruise missile)|Babur]] (Pakistani military designation: Hatf-VII) was successfully test-fired by the army, surprising the United States.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pakistan test-fires nuclear-capable Babur missile with 700&nbsp;km range |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-17/pakistan/33901443_1_nuclear-capable-hatf-vii-terrain-contour |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918122437/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-17/pakistan/33901443_1_nuclear-capable-hatf-vii-terrain-contour |archive-date=2012-09-18 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> In 2007, Pakistan announced the development and test-firing of [[Ra'ad (air-launched cruise missile)|Ra'ad]] (Pakistani military designation: Hatf-VIII), demonstrating its air-launched cruise missile capability.<ref>{{cite news |date=5 June 2012 |title=Pak test fires Hatf VII nuclear missile |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/article3492864.ece |work=The Hindu |___location=Chennai, India}}</ref>

In 2017, Pakistan conducted a successful launch of the ''Babur-III'' missile from an underwater mobile platform. This long-desired capability for the Navy effectively established Pakistan's [[Second strike|second-strike capability]] from sea.<ref>{{cite news |date=10 January 2017 |title=Pakistan fires 'first submarine-launched nuclear-capable missile' |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-pakistan-missiles-idUSKBN14T1EL |access-date=26 July 2017 |newspaper=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=9 January 2017 |title=Pakistan test-fires first submarine cruise missile Babur-3 |url=http://arynews.tv/en/pakistan-test-fires-first-submarine-launched-cruise-missile-babur-3/ |access-date=26 July 2017 |website=AryNews.tv}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=9 January 2017 |title=Pakistan 'launches first cruise missile from submarine' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-38563330 |access-date=26 July 2017 |work=BBC News}}</ref>