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== Motivation ==
Macroscopic physics requires classical mechanics which allows accurate predictions of mechanical motion with reproducible, high precision. Quantum phenomena require quantum mechanics, which allows accurate predictions of statistical averages only. If quantum states had hidden-variables awaiting ingenious new measurement technologies, then the latter (statistical results) might be convertible to a form of the former (classical-mechanical motion).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bell |first=John S. |date=1966-07-01 |title=On the Problem of Hidden Variables in Quantum Mechanics |url=https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.38.447 |journal=Reviews of Modern Physics |language=en |volume=38 |issue=3 |pages=447–452 |doi=10.1103/RevModPhys.38.447 |bibcode=1966RvMP...38..447B |osti=1444158 |issn=0034-6861}}</ref>
Such a classical mechanics would eliminate unsettling characteristics of quantum theory like the [[uncertainty principle]]. More fundamentally however, a successful model of quantum phenomena with hidden variables implies quantum entities with intrinsic values independent of measurements. Existing quantum mechanics asserts that state properties can only be known after a measurement. As [[N. David Mermin]] puts it:
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