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Joaopaulocd (talk | contribs) m Add link to wikipedia article about ICALL topic |
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Parsing is also used in CALL programs to analyse the learner's input and diagnose errors. Davies (2002)<ref>Davies G. (2002) Article on CALL in the ''Good Practice Guide'' at the website of the Subject Centre for Languages, Linguistics and Area Studies (LLAS), University of Southampton [Online]: http://www.llas.ac.uk/resources/gpg/61</ref> writes:
"Discrete error analysis and feedback were a common feature of traditional CALL, and the more sophisticated programs would attempt to analyse the learner's response, pinpoint errors, and branch to help and remedial activities. ... Error analysis in CALL is, however, a matter of controversy. Practitioners who come into CALL via the disciplines of [[computational linguistics]], e.g. Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Human Language Technologies (HLT), tend to be more optimistic about the potential of error analysis by computer than those who come into CALL via language teaching. [...] An alternative approach is the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to parse the learner's response – so-called [[Intelligent computer-assisted language learning|''intelligent CALL'' (ICALL)]] – but there is a gulf between those who favour the use of AI to develop CALL programs (Matthews 1994)<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Matthews | first1 = C | year = 1994 | title = Intelligent Computer Assisted Language Learning as cognitive science: the choice of syntactic frameworks for language tutoring | journal = Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education | volume = 5 | issue = 4| pages = 533–56 }}</ref> and, at the other extreme, those who perceive this approach as a threat to humanity (Last 1989:153)".<ref>Last R.W. (1989) ''Artificial intelligence techniques in language learning'', Chichester: Ellis Horwood.</ref>
Underwood (1989)<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Underwood | first1 = J | year = 1989 | title = On the edge: Intelligent CALL in the 1990s | journal = Computers and the Humanities | volume = 23 | pages = 71–84 | doi=10.1007/bf00058770| s2cid = 60043026 }}</ref> and Heift & Schulze (2007)<ref>Heift T. & Schulze M. (eds.) (2007) ''Errors and intelligence in CALL: parsers and pedagogues'', New York: Routledge.</ref> present a more positive picture of AI.
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