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== Overview ==
[[File:Data visualization process v1.png|upright=1.5|thumb|Data visualization is one of the steps in analyzing data and presenting it to users.]]
[[File:Internet map 1024.jpg|thumb|240px|Partial map of the Internet early 2005 represented as a graph
The field of data and information visualization has emerged "from research in [[human–computer interaction]], [[computer science]], [[graphics]], [[visual design]], [[psychology]], and [[business methods]]. It is increasingly applied as a critical component in scientific research, [[digital libraries]], [[data mining]], financial data analysis, market studies, manufacturing [[production control]], and [[drug discovery]]".<ref name = "BBB03">Benjamin B. Bederson and [[Ben Shneiderman]] (2003). [http://www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/pubs/books/craft.shtml ''The Craft of Information Visualization: Readings and Reflections''], Morgan Kaufmann {{ISBN|1-55860-915-6}}.</ref>
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[[File:ProductSpaceLocalization.png|thumb|[[The Product Space|Product Space Localization]], intended to show the [[List of countries by economic complexity|Economic Complexity]] of a given economy]]
[[File:Benin English.png|thumb|250px|right|Tree
There is no comprehensive 'history' of data visualization. There are no accounts that span the entire development of visual thinking and the visual representation of data, and which collate the contributions of disparate disciplines.<ref name="Springer-Verlag">{{cite book|last1=Friendly|first1=Michael|date=2008 |chapter=A Brief History of Data Visualization|title=Handbook of Data Visualization|pages=15–56|publisher=Springer-Verlag |doi=10.1007/978-3-540-33037-0_2|isbn=9783540330370|s2cid=62626937 }}</ref> Michael Friendly and Daniel J Denis of [[York University]] are engaged in a project that attempts to provide a comprehensive history of visualization. Contrary to general belief, data visualization is not a modern development. Since prehistory, stellar data, or information such as ___location of stars were visualized on the walls of caves (such as those found in [[Lascaux|Lascaux Cave]] in Southern France) since the [[Pleistocene]] era.<ref name="WhitehouseIce00">{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/871930.stm |title=Ice Age star map discovered |author=Whitehouse, D. |work=BBC News |date=9 August 2000 |access-date=20 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106064810/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/871930.stm |archive-date=6 January 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Physical artefacts such as Mesopotamian [[History of ancient numeral systems#Clay token|clay tokens]] (5500 BC), Inca [[quipu]]s (2600 BC) and Marshall Islands [[Marshall Islands stick chart|stick charts]] (n.d.) can also be considered as visualizing quantitative information.<ref name="Dragicevic 2012">{{cite web|url=http://www.dataphys.org/list|title=List of Physical Visualizations and Related Artefacts |date=2012 |access-date=2018-01-12 |last1=Dragicevic |first1=Pierre |last2=Jansen |first2=Yvonne |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113194900/http://dataphys.org/list/ |archive-date=2018-01-13 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01120152/document |first1=Yvonne |last1=Jansen |first2=Pierre |last2=Dragicevic |first3=Petra |last3=Isenberg|author3-link= Petra Isenberg |first4=Jason |last4=Alexander |first5=Abhijit |last5=Karnik |first6=Johan |last6=Kildal |first7=Sriram |last7=Subramanian |first8=Kasper |last8=Hornbæk |author8-link=Kasper Hornbæk |date=2015 |title=Opportunities and challenges for data physicalization |journal=Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems |pages=3227–3236 |access-date=2018-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113093035/https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01120152/document |archive-date=2018-01-13 |url-status=live}}</ref>
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