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Cybersecurity attacks on decentralised generation |
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Typical DER systems in a [[feed-in tariff]] (FIT) scheme have low maintenance, low pollution and high efficiencies. In the past, these traits required dedicated operating engineers and large complex plants to reduce pollution. However, modern [[embedded system]]s can provide these traits with automated operation and [[renewable energy]], such as [[Solar energy|solar]], [[Wind power|wind]] and [[Geothermal power|geothermal]]. This reduces the size of power plant that can show a profit.
=== Cybersecurity ===
Vulnerabilities in control systems from a single vendor used at thousands of installations of given source can result in hacking and remotely disabling all these sources by a single attacker, thus largely reversing the benefits of decentralised generation, which has been demonstrated in practice in case of solar power inverters<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-12-12 |title=Hacking Rooftop Solar Is a Way to Break Europe’s Power Grid |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-12-12/europe-s-power-grid-vulnerable-to-hackers-exploiting-rooftop-solar-panels |access-date=2024-12-12 |work=Bloomberg.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-19 |title=The gigantic and unregulated power plants in the cloud |url=https://berthub.eu/articles/posts/the-gigantic-unregulated-power-plants-in-the-cloud/ |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=Bert Hubert's writings}}</ref> and wind power control systems.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tam |first=Kimberly |date=2024-09-05 |title=How cyberattacks on offshore wind farms could create huge problems |url=https://theconversation.com/how-cyberattacks-on-offshore-wind-farms-could-create-huge-problems-238165 |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US}}</ref>
EU NIS2 directive expands the cybersecurity requirements to the energy generation market<ref>{{Cite web |title=Energy |url=https://nis2directive.eu/energy/ |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=The NIS2 Directive |language=en-US}}</ref>, which has faced backlash from renewable energy lobby groups.<ref>{{Cite web |last=O’Sullivan |first=Alexander Lipke, Janka Oertel, Daniel |date=2024-05-29 |title=Trust and trade-offs: How to manage Europe’s green technology dependence on China |url=https://ecfr.eu/publication/trust-and-trade-offs-how-to-manage-europes-green-technology-dependence-on-china/ |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=ECFR |language=en-GB}}</ref>
=== Grid parity ===
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