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A '''traffic alert and collision avoidance system''' ('''TCAS''', pronounced {{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|i:|k|æ|s}};''{{Respell|TEE-|kas''}}), also known as an '''Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS)''',<ref name="NBAA">{{Cite web|url=https://nbaa.org/aircraft-operations/communications-navigation-surveillance-cns/tcas/|title=Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)|website=NBAA - National Business Aviation Association}}</ref> is an [[aircraft collision avoidance system]] designed to reduce the incidence of [[mid-air collision]] (MAC) between [[aircraft]]. It monitors the [[airspace]] around an aircraft for other aircraft equipped with a corresponding active [[Transponder (aviation)|transponder]], independent of [[air traffic control]], and warns pilots of the presence of other transponder-equipped aircraft which may present a threat of MAC. It is a type of airborne collision avoidance system mandated by the [[International Civil Aviation Organization]] to be fitted to all aircraft with a maximum take-off mass (MTOM) of over {{convert|5700|kg|abbr=on}} or authorized to carry more than 19 passengers. [[Federal Aviation Regulations|CFR 14]], Ch I, part 135 requires that TCAS I be installed for aircraft with 10-30 passengers and TCAS II for aircraft with more than 30 passengers. ACAS/TCAS is based on [[secondary surveillance radar]] (SSR) [[transponder (aviation)|transponder]] signals, but operates independently of ground-based equipment to provide advice to the pilot on potentially conflicting aircraft.
[[File:Tcas EU-Flysafe.jpg|thumb|upright=1.14|Combined TCAS and [[Horizontal situation indicator|EHSI]] cockpit display (color)]]