Short code: Difference between revisions

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'''<span lang="en">Short</span> codes''', or '''short numbers''', are short digit-sequences—significantly shorter than [[telephone number]]s—that are used to address messages in the [[Multimedia Messaging System]] (MMS) and [[short message service]] (SMS) systems of [[mobile network operator]]s.<ref>{{Citecite web |title=What is an SMS Short Code? {{!}} Twilio |url=https://www.twilio.com/docs/glossary/what-is-a-short-code |access-date=2023-03-08 |website=www.twilio.com |language=en}}</ref> In addition to messaging, they may be used in [[abbreviated dialing]].
 
Short codes are designed{{cn|date=December 2023}} to be easier to read and remember than telephone numbers.<ref name=":0">{{Citecite web |title=Short Code - What Is It, How Should You Use It? {{!}} CM.com Glossary |url= https://www.cm.com/en-za/glossary/short-code/ |access-date= 2023-03-08 |website= CM.com |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Short codes are unique to each operator at the technological level. Even so, providers generally have agreements to avoid overlaps. In some countries, such as the United States, some classes of numbers are inter-operator (used by multiple providers or carriers). U.S. inter-operator numbers are called '''common short codes''').<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.youra.com/stats/mobileuse.pdf | title=Common Short Codes: Cracking The Mobile Marketing Code | access-date=2022-12-27 | last=Neufeld |first=Evan |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140114064327/http://www.youra.com/stats/mobileuse.pdf |archive-date=2014-01-14 }}</ref>
 
Organisations may set up short codes to encourage users to engage with services such as [[Mobile donating |charity donations]], mobile services, ordering [[ringtones]], or television-program voting.<ref name=":0" /> Messages sent to a short code can be billed at a higher rate than a standard SMS and may even subscribe a customer to a recurring monthly service that will be added to the customer's mobile-phone bill until the user texts, for example, the word "STOP" to terminate the service.{{citation needed|date=June 2016}}
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=== Australia ===
Short codes are six or eight digits in length,<ref>{{Citecite web |title=Burst SMS Blog - Lesson 3: Shortcodes & Virtual Numbers |url=https://blog.burstsms.com.au/l3-shortcodes-virtual-numbers/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=Burst SMS Blog |date=3 February 2020 |language=en}}</ref> starting with the prefix "19" followed by an additional four or six digits and two.{{Citation needed|date=December 2022}} Communications Alliance Ltd and WMC Global are responsible for governing premium and standard rate short codes in Australia. Transactional and Subscription services require a double sms MO opt-in or Web based opt-in with an MO reply.{{Citation needed|date=December 2022}}
 
=== Bangladesh ===
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=== Belgium ===
Codes are four digits in length.<ref>{{Citecite web |last=Marchand |first=Maïwenn |date=2021-10-17 |title=What Are SMS Short Codes? |url=https://www.ringring.be/blog/what-are-sms-short-codes/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=The Ring Ring Company |language=en-US}}</ref>
 
=== Botswana ===
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=== Brazil ===
Codes are five digits in length.<ref>{{Citecite web |title=Brazil MobileConnect Guide for SMS Sending |url=https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?language=en_US&id=sf.mc_moc_sending_guide_brazil.htm&type=5 |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=help.salesforce.com}}</ref>
 
=== Cambodia ===
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Canadian Common Short Codes can be five or six digits long. Common Short Codes beginning with a leading '4' are reserved for private use by wireless network operators. Four-digit Common Short Codes are not permitted due to handset incompatibilities. Short code-based messages vary between ''zero-rated'' (paid for by campaign), ''standard rate'' (user is responsible for standard carrier charges), and ''premium rate'' (varies, [[Canadian dollar|C$]]1-10). Canadian Short codes are governed by the Canadian Wireless Telecommunications Association.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.txt.ca/ |title=TXT Splash |publisher=Txt.ca |access-date=2011-10-17}}</ref>
 
In February 2020, CWTA (Canadian Wireless Telecommunications Association) announced that Rogers Wireless will no longer participate in general use mobile codes in the future. A common short code is a code that is shared by more than one brand for multiple or general uses.<ref>{{Citecite web |title=Help And Training Community |url=https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?language=en_US&id=000381337&type=1 |access-date=2023-01-05 |website=help.salesforce.com}}</ref>
 
=== Chile ===
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=== Hong Kong ===
Codes are four to eight digits in length, start with digits 501-509.<ref>{{Citecite web |title=Assignment of Codes for Value-added SMS / MMS|url=https://apps.ofca.gov.hk/apps/CodeAssign/content/code_list.asp |access-date=2021-04-27 |website=apps.ofca.gov.hk}}</ref> Emergency number is 992.<ref>{{Citecite web| |title=992 Emergency SMS - User Guide | url=http://www.police.gov.hk/info/doc/smsemg_e.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729220651/http://www.police.gov.hk/info/doc/smsemg_e.pdf | archive-date=2014-07-29}}</ref>
 
=== Hungary ===
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=== Republic of Ireland ===
Short codes are five digits in length, and start with 5. The second digit generally indicates the maximum price, with 0 = completely free, 1 = standard text rate only, 3 = [[Euro|€]]0.60, and 7 having no maximum. Codes beginning 59 are ostensibly intended for adult services, but few if any of these codes are used.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.comreg.ie |title=Commission for Communications Regulation - RegTel Information |publisher=ComReg.ie |date=2016-01-18 |access-date=2024-08-29}}</ref>
 
=== Italy ===
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=== South Africa ===
Codes are five digits in length. Short codes will start with either a "3" or "4". For example, 34001 or 42001. Each short code or short code range (a range will generally be 34000 to 34009) are assigned specific tariffs or end user prices (EUP). The tariff charges can range from [[South African rand|R]]0.50 to R30.00 on mobile originated billing and from R0.50 to R50.00 using mobile terminated billing.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.waspa.org.za |title=WASPA Website |publisher=Waspa.org.za |access-date=2011-10-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.smscode.co.za |title=sms c.o.d.e.s |publisher=Smscode.co.za |access-date=2011-10-17}}</ref> Due to high costs associated with short code rental many providers offer shared shortcodes, which greatly reduces costs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.logicsms.co.za/PremiumSMS/Default.html |title=Shared Shortcodes }}</ref>
 
=== Spain ===
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=== United States ===
Standard, interoperable short codes in the U.S. are five or six digits long,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.usshortcodes.com/csc_press053106.html | title=Common Short Code Administration Announces Open Registration of 6-Digit Codes | publisher=CTIA | work=Press Release | date=2006-05-31}}</ref> never start with 1, and only work in the U.S.<ref>{{Citecite web |url=https://usshortcodes.com/faqs |title=Short Code Registry &#124; FAQs |website=usshortcodes.com |access-date=2020-06-02}}</ref> They are leased by the short code program's registry service provider [[iconectiv]], under a deal with the [[Common Short Code Administration]]<ref>{{Citecite web|url=http://trademarks.justia.com/784/34/csca-common-short-code-78434150.html |title=CSCA COMMON SHORT CODE ADMINISTRATION Trademark of CTIA - THE WIRELESS ASSOCIATION - Registration Number 3081719 - Serial Number 78434150 :: Justia Trademarks |website=trademarks.justia.com |access-date=2020-06-02}}</ref> and [[Cellular Telecommunications & Internet Association|CTIA]].<ref name="wirelessweek"/> It costs twice as much to choose a specific code as it does to get one that is randomly assigned.<ref name="wirelessweek">{{cite web | url=http://www.wirelessweek.com/news/2007/04/decoding-short-codes | title=Decoding Short Codes | work=WirelessWeek | date=2007-04-15 | author=Alleven, Monica}}</ref> Some carriers assign a subset of their carrier-specific codes to third parties.<ref name="Short1">{{cite web |url=https://www.ctia.org/news/ctia-announced-new-strategic-partner-iconectiv-for-common-short-code-registry-services |title=CTIA Announced New Strategic Partner iconectiv for Common Short Code Registry Services |publisher=[[CTIA – The Wireless Association]] |date=2015-07-30 |access-date=2019-12-22 }}</ref>
 
<blockquote>"The ''Short Code Registry''<ref>{{Citecite web |url=https://usshortcodes.com/ |title=Short Code Registry &#124; short code campaigns Customer engagement |website=usshortcodes.com |access-date=2020-06-02}}</ref> maintains a single database of available, reserved and registered short codes. CTIA administers the Common Short Code program, and ''iconectiv''<ref>{{Citecite web |url=https://iconectiv.com/ |title=Homepage &#124; iconectiv |website=iconectiv.com |access-date=2020-06-02}}</ref> became the official U.S. Short Code Registry service provider in January, 2016. For more information, please see the ''Short Code Registry’s Best Practices''<ref>{{Citecite web |url=https://usshortcodes.com/about/BestPractices |title=Short Code Registry &#124; Best Practices short codes marketing campaign |website=usshortcodes.com |access-date=2020-06-02}}</ref> and the ''Short Code Monitoring Handbook''.<ref name="ctia-handbook">{{Citecite web | title=RISQ Score {{!}} Your 10DLC Vetting Partner | url=https://www.wmcglobal.com/storage/us_resources/ctia-short-code-monitoring-handbook-current-Short-Code-Monitoring-Handbook-v1.7.pdf | access-date=2025-01-01 | website=www.wmcglobal.com}}</ref>"<ref>{{Citecite web |url=https://www.ctia.org/programs |title=Programs |website=www.ctia.org |access-date=2020-06-02}}</ref><ref>{{Citecite web |url=https://www.wmcglobal.com/us-resources/ctia-short-code-monitoring-handbook-v17-march-2017-short-code-monitoring-handbook-v17 |title=US Resources - WMC Global |website=www.wmcglobal.com |access-date=2020-06-02}}</ref></blockquote>
 
Texting "HELP" to a short code causes the short code service to return a message with terms and conditions, support information &mdash; consisting of either a toll-free phone number or email address at a minimum &mdash; and other information from the leaseholder of the short code.<ref>{{Citecite web |url=http://support.twilio.com/hc/en-us/articles/223134847 |title=Industry standards for US Short Code Terms of Service and Privacy policies|website=Twilio Support |access-date=2020-06-02}}</ref><ref>{{Citecite web |url=https://www.resolver.com/legal/short-code-terms-of-service/ |title=Short Code Terms of Service |access-date=2020-06-02}}</ref><!-- Message Industry standards require that a compliant response is required whenever your recipients text the keyword HELP to your short code, regardless of whether the recipient is subscribed to the program. https://support.twilio.com/hc/en-us/articles/223182208-Industry-standards-for-U-S-short-code-HELP-and-STOP --> A user can opt-out from receiving any further messages from a short code service by texting "STOP", "END", "QUIT", "CANCEL", or "UNSUBSCRIBE" to the short code; after doing so, one final message confirming the opt-out is sent.<ref>{{Citecite web |url=http://support.twilio.com/hc/en-us/articles/223182208 |title=Industry standards for U.S. short code HELP and STOP |website=Twilio Support |access-date=2020-06-02}}</ref><ref name="ctia-handbook" />
 
==See also==