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'''Lisp''' (historically '''LISP''', an abbreviation of "list processing") is a family of [[programming language]]s with a long history and a distinctive, fully [[parenthesized]] [[Polish notation#
Originally specified in the late 1950s, it is the second-oldest [[high-level programming language]] still in common use, after [[Fortran]].<ref name="uOUnJ">{{cite web|url=http://mitpress.mit.edu/sicp/full-text/book/book-Z-H-5.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010727170154/http://mitpress.mit.edu/sicp/full-text/book/book-Z-H-5.html|archive-date=2001-07-27|quote=Lisp is a survivor, having been in use for about a quarter of a century. Among the active programming languages only Fortran has had a longer life.|title=SICP: Foreword}}</ref><ref name="AfFRW">{{cite web|url=http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/history/lisp/node6.html#SECTION00060000000000000000|title=Conclusions|access-date=2014-06-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140403021353/http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/history/lisp/node6.html#SECTION00060000000000000000|archive-date=2014-04-03}}</ref> Lisp has changed since its early days, and many [[Programming language dialect|dialects]] have existed over its history. Today, the best-known general-purpose Lisp dialects are [[Common Lisp]], [[Scheme (programming language)|Scheme]], [[Racket (programming language)|Racket]], and [[Clojure]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Steele |first=Guy L. |title=Common Lisp: the language |date=1990 |publisher=Digital Press |isbn=1-55558-041-6 |edition=2nd |___location=Bedford, MA |oclc=20631879}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Felleisen |first1=Matthias |last2=Findler |first2=Robert |last3=Flatt |first3=Matthew |last4=Krishnamurthi |first4=Shriram |last5=Barzilay |first5=Eli |last6=McCarthy |first6=Jay |last7=Tobin-Hochstadt |first7=Sam |date=2015 |title="The Racket Manifesto" |url=https://www2.ccs.neu.edu/racket/pubs/manifesto.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Clojure - Differences with other Lisps |url=https://clojure.org/reference/lisps |access-date=2022-10-27 |website=clojure.org}}</ref>
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