Free Internet Chess Server: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 22:34, 24 December 2024

Revision as of 09:00, 12 January 2025

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{{Short description|Volunteer-run Internet chess server}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}

{{infoboxInfobox website

|name=Free Internet Chess Server (FICS)

|logo=Free Internet Chess Server (banner).jpg

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[[File:Partida no FreeChess.png|thumb|A chess game on '''FICS''' using the Jin interface]]

The '''Free Internet Chess Server''' ('''FICS''') is a volunteer-run [[online chess]] platform. When the original [[Internet Chess Server|American Internet Chess Server]] (ICS) was commercialized and rebranded as the [[Internet Chess Club]] (ICC) in 1995, a group of users and developers came together to fork the code and host an alternative committed to [[Free-culture movement|free access]], and a rivalry between the two servers persisted for years. FICS users download one of several graphical client programs, connect to the server via [[telnet]], and can play chess or [[Chess variant|variants]] at a range of time controls. Games played on FICS are stored in a database, which has been used to train chess engines and to support academic studies. Though based in the US, the user base is international. In addition to the games themselves, there are [[Chat room|chat rooms]], pairing systems, analysis tools, and [[Chess rating system|ratings]]. A relay system displays high-profile tournament games for users to see. As of 2024, FICS is still operational, though has declined in popularity with the rise of web-based chess sites.

== History ==

=== Internet Chess Server ===

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In a 2024 book, Peter Doggers drew a comparison between the FICS and ICC rivalry and the later [[Lichess]] vs. [[Chess.com]] rivalry, with one side committed to free and open principles and the other offering more features for a fee.<ref name="Doggers-2024" />

== Usage ==

[[File:babaschesssmallcrop.jpg|thumb|FICS using BabasChess interface]]

FICS is accessible via [[telnet]] and was text-only by default. Before graphical interfaces, users would see a board created by [[ASCII]] characters, with the lines of the board created by [[Hyphen|hyphens]] and [[Vertical bar|pipes]], and pieces represented by letters.<ref name="Doggers-2024" /> Whereas ICC has dedicated, proprietary graphical interfaces, several have been developed for FICS, with none having official status. The earliest were XICS and [[XBoard]], with subsequent programs including [[XBoard|WinBoard]], BabasChess, Jin, Thief, Raptor, eboard, [[PyChess]], and JavaBoard.<ref name="Fernández Slezak-2010">{{Cite journal |last1=Fernández Slezak |first1=Diego |last2=Etchemendy |first2=Pablo |last3=Sigman |first3=Mariano |date=2010 |title=Rapid chess: A massive-scale experiment |url=https://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/152631 |journal=High-Performance Computing Symposium (HPC 2010) |language=en}}</ref> Though built with pre-web technology, which typically requires a dedicated client, there are also web-based interfaces. Users can play using an anonymous guest account or register for an account with a username. Registered users can play games rated using the [[Glicko rating system]], with separate ratings based on time control and chess variant.<ref>{{Cite web |author=vek/glickman |title=Vek-splanation of the Glicko Ratings System |url=http://www.freechess.org/Help/HelpFiles/glicko.html |access-date=10 May 2010}}</ref>

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All games played by registered users are recorded and made publicly available for free. The FICS game archive has been used in academic studies on memory,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Nagy |first1=David G. |last2=Török |first2=Balázs |last3=Orbán |first3=Gergő |date=15 October 2020 |title=Optimal forgetting: Semantic compression of episodic memories |journal=PLOS Computational Biology |language=en |volume=16 |issue=10 |pages=e1008367 |doi=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008367 |doi-access=free |issn=1553-7358 |pmc=7591090 |pmid=33057380|bibcode=2020PLSCB..16E8367N }}</ref> decision-making,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Slezak |first1=Diego Fernandez |last2=Sigman |first2=Mariano |last3=Cecchi |first3=Guillermo A. |date=2 March 2018 |title=An entropic barriers diffusion theory of decision-making in multiple alternative tasks |journal=PLOS Computational Biology |language=en |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=e1005961 |doi=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005961 |doi-access=free |issn=1553-7358 |pmc=5851639 |pmid=29499036|bibcode=2018PLSCB..14E5961F }}</ref><ref name="Fernández Slezak-2010" /> and user interface design.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Picussa |first1=Juliano |last2=Garcia |first2=Laura S. |last3=Bueno |first3=Juliana |last4=Ferreira |first4=Marica V. R. |last5=Direne |first5=Alexandre I. |last6=de Bona |first6=Luis C. E. |last7=Silva |first7=Fabiano |last8=Castilho |first8=Marcos A. |last9=Sunye |first9=Marcos S. |chapter=A user-interface environment solution for an online educational Chess server |date=June 2008 |title=2008 Second International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science |chapter-url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rcis.2008.4632106 |publisher=IEEE |pages=179–186 |doi=10.1109/rcis.2008.4632106|isbn=978-1-4244-1677-6 }}</ref> The server and its archive have been used to train [[Chess engine|chess engines]] and chess-related [[machine learning]] projects,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Cheng |first1=Isaac |last2=Chico Camargo |date=2023 |title=Machine Learning to Study Patterns in Chess Games |url=https://rgdoi.net/10.13140/RG.2.2.30894.52807 |language=en |doi=10.13140/RG.2.2.30894.52807}}</ref> while the FICS code has been used to launch similar regional or thematic chess servers as well as influencing the design of other chess projects.<ref name="Bouman-2012">{{Cite web |last=Bouman |first=Egbert |date=2012 |title=Tribler-G: A Decentralized Social Network for Playing Chess [Master's Thesis] |url=https://egbertbouman.github.io/tribler-g/publications/Tribler-G%20A%20Decentralized%20Social%20Network%20for%20Playing%20Chess%20Online%20(MSc%20thesis).pdf |website=Delft University of Technology}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[List of Internet chess servers]]

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* {{officialOfficial website|http://www.freechess.org/}}

* [http://www.ficsgames.org FICS Game Database] – database of all games played