Cosmic string: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 11:49, 17 December 2024

Revision as of 15:16, 12 January 2025

Line 1:

{{short description|Speculative feature of the early universe}}

{{distinguish|text=[[String (physics)]], the subject of [[string theory]]}}

'''Cosmic strings''' are hypothetical 1-dimensional [[topological defect]]s which may have formed during a [[Symmetry breaking|symmetry-breaking]] [[cosmological phase transition|phase transition]] in the early universe when the [[topology]] of the [[Vacuum state|vacuum]] manifold associated to this symmetry breaking was not [[Simply connected space|simply connected]].

{{Technical|date=May 2021}}

'''CosmicIn strings'''less areformal theoretical objectsterms, thatthey are likehypothetical long, thin defects in the fabric of space. They might have formed in the early universe during a process where certain [[symmetry breaking|symmetries were broken]]. This breaking changed the structure of space in a way that wasn’t straightforward or simple. Their existence was first contemplated by the theoretical physicist [[Tom Kibble]] in the 1970s.<ref name="Kibble 1976">{{cite journal |doi=10.1088/0305-4470/9/8/029 |title=Topology of cosmic domains and strings |year=1976 |last1=Kibble |first1=Tom W K |journal= Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General |volume=9 |issue=8 |pages=1387–1398 |bibcode=1976JPhA....9.1387K }}</ref>

The formation of cosmic strings is somewhat analogous to the imperfections that form between crystal grains in solidifying liquids, or the cracks that form when water freezes into ice. The phase transitions leading to the production of cosmic strings are likely to have occurred during the earliest moments of the universe's evolution, just after [[cosmological inflation]], and are a fairly generic prediction in both [[quantum field theory]] and [[string theory]] models of the [[early universe]].