Fedora Linux: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 00:48, 13 January 2025

Revision as of 04:29, 13 January 2025

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Fedora Linux has a relatively short life cycle: Each version is usually supported for at least 13 months, where version {{var|X}} is supported only until 1 month after version {{var|X}}+2 is released and with approximately 6 months between most versions.<ref name="Fedora Release Life Cycle">{{cite web | url=https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Fedora_Release_Life_Cycle | title=Fedora Release Life Cycle | publisher=Fedora Project | access-date=25 March 2014 | archive-date=14 July 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714051350/https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Fedora_Release_Life_Cycle | url-status=live }}</ref> Fedora users can upgrade from version to version without reinstalling.<ref name="FedUp">{{cite web | url=http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/FedUp | title=FedUp | publisher=Fedora Project | access-date=25 March 2014 | archive-date=25 March 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325165842/http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/FedUp | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Fedora Project">{{cite web | url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/23/html/Release_Notes/sect-Release_Notes-Changes_for_Sysadmin.html | title=Fedora 23 Release Notes: 3.2.4. System Upgrades with DNF | publisher=Fedora Project | access-date=1 October 2015 | archive-date=2 October 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002160157/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/23/html/Release_Notes/sect-Release_Notes-Changes_for_Sysadmin.html | url-status=live }}</ref>

The default [[desktop environment]] is [[GNOME]], and the default user interface is the [[GNOME Shell]]. Other desktop environments are available, including [[KDE Plasma 6|KDE Plasma]], [[Xfce]], [[LXQt]], [[LXDE]], [[MATE (desktop environment)|MATE]], [[Cinnamon (user interface)|Cinnamon]], and [[Budgie (desktop environment)|Budgie]] as well as window managers including [[i3 (window manager)|i3]], and [[Sway (window manager)|Sway]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/01/installing-the-mate-and-cinnamon-desktops-on-fedora-18/ | title=How to install the MATE and Cinnamon desktops on Fedora 18 | last=Brodkin | first=Jon | publisher=Ars Technica | date=15 January 2013 | access-date=15 January 2013 | archive-date=17 January 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117223625/http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/01/installing-the-mate-and-cinnamon-desktops-on-fedora-18/ | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="deepin">{{cite web |last1=Mutai |first1=Josphat |title=Install Deepin Desktop Environment on Fedora 30 |url=https://computingforgeeks.com/how-to-install-deepin-desktop-environment-on-fedora/ |website=Computing for Geeks |access-date=25 June 2019 |date=2 May 2019 |archive-date=25 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190625021431/https://computingforgeeks.com/how-to-install-deepin-desktop-environment-on-fedora/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

A [[Live USB|live media]] drive can be created using [[Fedora Media Writer]] or the [[Dd (Unix)|dd]] command,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/26/html/Installation_Guide/sect-preparing-boot-media.html | title=Preparing Boot Media | publisher=[[Red Hat]] | access-date=30 July 2017 | archive-date=30 July 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730110255/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/26/html/Installation_Guide/sect-preparing-boot-media.html | url-status=live }}</ref> allowing users to try Fedora Linux without writing any changes to their hard drives.

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===Workstation===

[[File:Fedora Workstation 41 — default applications (1).png|thumb|290x290px|Fedora Workstation 41 with its default applications]]

It targets users who want a reliable, user-friendly, and powerful operating system for their laptop or desktop computer. It comes with [[GNOME]] by default but other desktops can be installed.

==== Spins and Remixesremixes ====

[[File:Fedora Linux 41, with KDE Plasma 6.png|thumb|290x290px|Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop, one of the several official Fedora Spins]]

The Fedora project officially distributes different variations called "Fedora Spins"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://spins.fedoraproject.org/index.html.en|title=Fedora Spins|website=spins.fedoraproject.org|access-date=9 December 2019|archive-date=18 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318234404/https://spins.fedoraproject.org/index.html.en|url-status=live}}</ref> which are Fedora Linux with different desktop environments. The current official spins, as of Fedora 40, are [[KDE Plasma 6|KDE Plasma]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop |url=https://www.fedoraproject.org/spins/kde/ |access-date=2023-06-19 |website=www.fedoraproject.org}}</ref> [[Xfce]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fedora XFCE |url=https://www.fedoraproject.org/spins/xfce/ |access-date=2023-06-19 |website=www.fedoraproject.org}}</ref> [[LXQt]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fedora LXQt Spin |url=https://fedoraproject.org/spins/lxqt/ |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=fedoraproject.org |archive-date=19 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719135723/https://fedoraproject.org/spins/lxqt/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[MATE (software)|MATE]] (with [[Compiz]]),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fedora MATE+Compiz Spin |url=https://fedoraproject.org/spins/mate/ |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=fedoraproject.org |archive-date=19 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719135729/https://fedoraproject.org/spins/mate/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Cinnamon (desktop environment)|Cinnamon]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fedora Cinnamon Spin |url=https://fedoraproject.org/spins/cinnamon/ |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=fedoraproject.org |archive-date=19 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719135738/https://fedoraproject.org/spins/cinnamon/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[LXDE]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fedora LXDE Spin |url=https://fedoraproject.org/spins/lxde/ |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=fedoraproject.org}}</ref> [[Sugar (software)|SoaS]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fedora Sugar on a Stick Spin |url=https://fedoraproject.org/spins/soas/ |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=fedoraproject.org}}</ref> [[i3 (window manager)|i3]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fedora i3 Spin |url=https://fedoraproject.org/spins/i3/ |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=fedoraproject.org}}</ref> [[Phosh]] (for use on [[PinePhone]]),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fedora Phosh |url=https://www.fedoraproject.org/spins/phosh/ |access-date=2023-06-19 |website=www.fedoraproject.org }}{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Budgie (desktop environment)|Budgie]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fedora Budgie Spin |url=https://www.fedoraproject.org/spins/budgie/ |access-date=2023-06-19 |website=www.fedoraproject.org}}</ref> and [[Sway (window manager)|Sway]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fedora Sway Spin |url=https://www.fedoraproject.org/spins/sway/ |access-date=2023-06-19 |website=www.fedoraproject.org}}</ref> The KDE spin will be promoted to a regular edition, same level as Fedora + GNOME, starting with Fedora 42.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://pagure.io/Fedora-Council/tickets/issue/504 |title=Issue #504: Request to upgrade Fedora KDE Desktop Spin to Edition status under the Personal Systems WG - tickets - Pagure.io |access-date=2024-12-30}}</ref>

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====Atomic desktops====

[[File:Fedora SilverBlue 41 desktop.png|thumb|290x290px|A fresh install of Silverblue 41]]

Fedora offers immutable editions known as "Atomic Desktops".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Getting Started # Fedora Variants and how to install |url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/getting-started/#_fedora_variants_and_how_to_install |access-date=2023-02-18 |website=Fedora Docs |language=en |quote="An immutable desktop variant of Fedora Workstation Edition" |archive-date=19 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719135128/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/getting-started/#_fedora_variants_and_how_to_install |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Silverblue docs">{{Cite web |title=Fedora Silverblue User Guide |url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/ |access-date=2023-02-18 |website=Fedora Docs |language=en |quote="Fedora Silverblue is a variant of Fedora Workstation." |archive-date=11 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211011040633/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/ |url-status=live}}</ref> SeperateSeparate editions are offered per desktop environment, currently there are editions for [[Budgie (desktop environment)|Budgie]], [[GNOME]] (Silverblue), [[KDE Plasma]] (Kinoite) and [[Sway (window manager)|Sway]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Atomic Desktops for Fedora |url=https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/ |access-date=2025-01-12 |website=fedoraproject.org |language=en |archive-date=2025-01-12 |archive-url=https://archive.today/7uLL8 |url-status=live}}</ref> Every atomic desktop installation is identical to every other installation of the same version, and it never changes as it is used. The immutable design is intended to make the operating system more stable, less prone to [[Software bug|bugs]], easier to test and develop, and create a platform for containerized applications as well as container-based software development. Applications and containers are kept separate from the host system. OS updates are fast and there is no installation stage. It is possible to roll back to the previous version of the operating system, if something goes wrong.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fedora Silverblue User Guide :: Fedora Docs|url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/|access-date=11 October 2021|website=docs.fedoraproject.org|archive-date=11 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211011040633/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The long-term goal for this effort is to transform Fedora Workstation into an image-based system where applications are separate from the OS, and updates are atomic. Fedora developers, Red Hat engineers, along with independent contributors have been developing and/or contributing to software used in the atomic desktops. Such as: [[OSTree]], [[Wayland]], [[Flatpak]], and [[rpm-ostree]] support in [[GNOME Software]], etc. Project Atomic added new features like package layering to rpm-ostree and added rpm-ostree support to [[Anaconda (installer)|Anaconda]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Team Silverblue - The Origins|publisher=docs.fedoraproject.org|url=https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/_attachments/team-silverblue-origins.pdf|language=English|access-date=7 January 2022|archive-date=19 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719135018/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/_attachments/team-silverblue-origins.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>