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[[File:Caltrain EMU interior upper deck.jpg|thumb|The interior of the upper deck of a Caltrain Stadler KISS.]]
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The Stadler KISS double-decker EMU that Caltrain ordered are compliant with the [[Federal Railroad Administration|FRA]] alternative Tier-I crash-worthiness standard.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://rollingstockworld.com/passenger-cars/caltrain-introduces-the-kiss-double-deck-emus-by-stadler-for-california/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604224222/https://rollingstockworld.com/passenger-cars/caltrain-introduces-the-kiss-double-deck-emus-by-stadler-for-california/ |archive-date=June 4, 2023 |url-status=live |title=Caltrain introduces the KISS double-deck EMUs by Stadler for California |publisher=Rolling Stock World |date=November 9, 2022}}</ref> Under the alternative standard, it has Crash Energy Management (CEM) features which allow parts of the EMU to collapse whilst keeping the passenger seating area intact in the event of collision, instead of relying on pure structural strength as in the traditional Tier-I standard.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://railroads.dot.gov/sites/fra.dot.gov/files/fra_net/90/TR_RSAC_Report_final_2.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130180117/https://railroads.dot.gov/sites/fra.dot.gov/files/fra_net/90/TR_RSAC_Report_final_2.pdf |archive-date=November 30, 2024 |url-status=live |title=Technical Criteria and Procedures for Evaluating the Crashworthiness and Occupant Protection Performance of Alternatively Designed Passenger Rail Equipment for Use in Tier I Service |publisher=U.S. Department of Transportation |date=October 2011 |pp=22-23}}</ref> The implementation of the alternative Tier-I standard results in a lighter train that will save energy and track maintenance cost. Coupled with the positive train control system that is being installed on the Caltrain line, Caltrain KISS trains will be allowed to operate in mixed traffic with heavier trains, such as Amtrak passenger trains and Union Pacific freight trains, instead of the temporal separation required in the 2009 waiver.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.railwayage.com/passenger/intercity/for-caltrain-16-kisses-from-stadler-but-no-flirts/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530000057/https://www.railwayage.com/passenger/intercity/for-caltrain-16-kisses-from-stadler-but-no-flirts/ |archive-date=May 30, 2024 |url-status=live |title=For Caltrain, 16 KISSes from Stadler (but no FLIRTs) |first=William C. |last=Vantuono |publisher=Railway Age |date=August 16, 2016}}</ref>
Because the existing Caltrain platforms are at a different [[railway platform height|height]] compared to proposed high-speed rail vehicles, the EMU trains will be equipped with doors at two heights, at {{convert|22|in|adj=on}} and {{convert|50.5|in|adj=on}} above-top-of-rail, allowing Caltrain to eventually transition from the existing {{convert|8|in|adj=on}} low platforms to CHSRA-compatible high platforms, enabling unassisted boarding of all passengers as specified by the [[Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990]].<ref name=StadlerData />
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