Comparison of Java and C++: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 05:13, 4 February 2025

Revision as of 05:18, 4 February 2025

Line 103:

=== Syntax ===

{{see also|Java syntax|C++ syntax}}

* [[Java syntax]] has a [[context-free grammar]] that can be parsed by a simple [[LALR parser]]. Parsing C++ is more complicated. For example, {{nowrap|<code>Foo&lt;1&gt;(3);</code>}} is a sequence of comparisons if Foo is a variable, but creates an object if Foo is the name of a class template.

* C++ allows namespace-level constants, variables, and functions. In Java, such entities must belong to some given type, and therefore must be defined inside a type definition, either a class or an [[interface (Java)|interface]].

* In C++, objects are values, while in Java they are not. C++ uses ''value semantics'' by default, while Java always uses ''reference semantics''. To opt for reference semantics in C++, either a pointer or a reference can be used.

Line 112:

|-

| <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp">

class Foo { // Declares class Foo

int x = 0; // Private Member variable. It will

// be initialized to 0, if the

// constructor would not set it.

// (from C++11)

public:

Foo(): x{0} // Constructor for Foo; initializes

{} // x to 0. If the initializer were

// omitted, the variable would

// be initialized to the value that

// has been given at declaration of x.

int bar(int i) { // Member function bar()