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[[File:Epson Wide Carriage 9-pin printer - with legal paper 8.5x14.jpg|thumb|This is an example of a wide-carriage [[dot matrix printer]], designed for {{convert|14|in|adj=on}} wide paper, shown with {{convert|8.5|x|14|in|adj=on}} legal paper. Wide carriage printers were often used in the field of businesses to print accounting records on {{convert|11|x|14|in|adj=on}} [[tractor-feed paper]]. They were also called "132-column printers".]]
[[File:Printer.ogv|thumb|A video showing an [[Inkjet printing|inkjet printer]] while printing a page]]
In [[computing]], a '''printer''' is a [[peripheral]] machine that makes a durable representation of graphics or text, usually on [[paper]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/printer|title=Printer - Definition of printer by Merriam-Webster|work=merriam-webster.com|access-date=6 August 2017|archive-date=18 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818221053/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/printer|url-status=live}}</ref> While most output is human-readable, bar code printers are an example of an expanded use for printers.<ref name=BarCo>{{
==History==
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The first commercial printers generally used mechanisms from [[Typewriter#Electric designs|electric typewriters]] and [[Teleprinter|Teletype]] machines. The demand for higher speed led to the development of new systems specifically for computer use. In the 1980s, there were [[daisy wheel printing|daisy wheel]] systems similar to typewriters, [[line printer]]s that produced similar output but at much higher speed, and [[Dot matrix printing|dot-matrix]] systems that could mix text and graphics but produced relatively low-quality output. The [[plotter]] was used for those requiring high-quality line art like [[blueprint]]s.
The introduction of the low-cost laser printer in 1984, with the first [[HP LaserJet]],<ref name=LJ84.NYT>{{cite news|access-date=3 April 2019 |archive-date=3 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403031614/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/11/20/science/peripherals-the-allure-of-laser-printers.html |author=Peter H. Lewis |date=November 20, 1984 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |title=Peripherals - The Allure of Laser Printers |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/11/20/science/peripherals-the-allure-of-laser-printers.html |url-status=live}}</ref> and the addition of [[PostScript]] in next year's [[LaserWriter|Apple LaserWriter]] set off a revolution in printing known as [[desktop publishing]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kaplan|first=Soren|date=1999|title=Discontinuous innovation and the growth paradox|journal=Strategy & Leadership|volume=27|issue=2|pages=16–21|doi=10.1108/eb054631}}</ref> Laser printers using PostScript mixed text and graphics, like dot-matrix printers, but at quality levels formerly available only from commercial [[typesetting]] systems. By 1990, most simple printing tasks like fliers and brochures were now created on [[personal computer]]s and then laser printed; expensive [[offset printing]] systems were being dumped as scrap. The [[HP Deskjet]] of 1988 offered the same advantages as a laser printer in terms of flexibility but produced somewhat lower-quality output (depending on the paper) from much less-expensive mechanisms. Inkjet systems rapidly displaced dot-matrix and daisy-wheel printers from the market. By the 2000s, high-quality printers of this sort had fallen under the $100 price point and became commonplace.▼
▲ }}</ref> and the addition of [[PostScript]] in next year's [[LaserWriter|Apple LaserWriter]] set off a revolution in printing known as [[desktop publishing]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kaplan|first=Soren|date=1999|title=Discontinuous innovation and the growth paradox|journal=Strategy & Leadership|volume=27|issue=2|pages=16–21|doi=10.1108/eb054631}}</ref> Laser printers using PostScript mixed text and graphics, like dot-matrix printers, but at quality levels formerly available only from commercial [[typesetting]] systems. By 1990, most simple printing tasks like fliers and brochures were now created on [[personal computer]]s and then laser printed; expensive [[offset printing]] systems were being dumped as scrap. The [[HP Deskjet]] of 1988 offered the same advantages as a laser printer in terms of flexibility but produced somewhat lower-quality output (depending on the paper) from much less-expensive mechanisms. Inkjet systems rapidly displaced dot-matrix and daisy-wheel printers from the market. By the 2000s, high-quality printers of this sort had fallen under the $100 price point and became commonplace.
The rapid improvement of [[internet]] [[email]] through the 1990s and into the 2000s has largely displaced the need for printing as a means of moving documents, and a wide variety of reliable storage systems means that a "physical backup" is of little benefit today.
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