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EMDR adds a number of non-scientific practices to [[exposure therapy]].<ref name="non">{{cite book |page=292 |vauthors= Lohr JM, Gist R, Deacon B, Devilly GJ, Varker T |chapter=Chapter 10: Science- and Non-Science-Based Treatments for Trauma-Related Stress Disorders |publisher=Routledge |veditors=Lilienfeld SO, Lynn SJ, Lohr JM |title=Science and Pseudoscience in Clinical Psychology |edition=2nd |year=2015 |isbn=9781462517893|quote="...eye movements and other bilateral stimulation techniques appear to be unnecessary and do not uniquely contribute to clinical outcomes. The characteristic procedural feature of EMDR appears therapeutically inert, and the other aspects of this treatment (e.g., imaginal exposure, cognitive reappraisal, in vivo exposure) overlap substantially with those of exposure-based treatments for PTSD...EMDR offers few, if any, demonstrable advantages over competing evidence-based psychological treatments. Moreover, its theoretical model and purported primary active therapeutic ingredient are not scientifically supported."}}</ref> EMDR is classified as one of the "power therapies" alongside [[thought field therapy]], [[Emotional Freedom Techniques]] and others{{snd}}so called because these therapies are marketed as being superior to established therapies which preceded them.<ref name=ros2012>{{cite book |vauthors=Rosquist J |isbn=9781136915772 |publisher=Routledge |year=2012 |title=Exposure Treatments for Anxiety Disorders: A Practitioner's Guide to Concepts, Methods, and Evidence-Based Practice |page=92}}</ref>
A [[Cochrane (organisation)|Cochrane]] systematic review comparing EMDR with other psychotherapies in the treatment of chronic PTSD found EMDR to be just as effective as TF-CBT and more effective than the other non-TF-CBT psychotherapies.<ref name="Bisson2013">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bisson JI, Roberts NP, Andrew M, Cooper R, Lewis C | title = Psychological therapies for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2013 | issue = 12 | page = CD003388 | date = December 2013 | pmid = 24338345 | pmc = 6991463 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD003388.pub4 }}</ref><ref name="Watt2013">{{cite journal | vauthors = Watts BV, Schnurr PP, Mayo L, Young-Xu Y, Weeks WB, Friedman MJ | title = Meta-analysis of the efficacy of treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder | journal = The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry | volume = 74 | issue = 6 | pages = e541–e550 | date = June 2013 | pmid = 23842024 | doi = 10.4088/JCP.12r08225 | s2cid = 23087402 }}</ref> Caution was urged interpreting the results due to low numbers in included studies, risk of [[Experimenter's bias|researcher bias]], high drop-out rates, and overall "very low" quality of evidence for the comparisons with other psychotherapies.<ref name="Bisson2013" /> A 2016 systematic review and meta-analysis found that the effect size of EMDR for PTSD is comparable to other evidence-based treatments, but that the strength of evidence was of a low quality,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Cusack K, Jonas DE, Forneris CA, Wines C, Sonis J, Middleton JC, Feltner C, Brownley KA, Olmsted KR, Greenblatt A, Weil A, Gaynes BN | display-authors = 6 | title = Psychological treatments for adults with posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis | journal = Clinical Psychology Review | volume = 43 | pages = 128–141 | date = February 2016 | pmid = 26574151 | doi = 10.1016/j.cpr.2015.10.003 | doi-access = free }}</ref> indicating that the effect sizes achieved are associated with substantial uncertainty. A 2018 systematic review found moderate strength of evidence supporting the effectiveness of EMDR in reducing symptoms of PTSD and depression, as well as increasing the likelihood of patients losing their PTSD diagnosis.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/topics/ptsd-adult-treatment-update/research-2018 |title=Psychological and Pharmacological Treatments for Adults With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review Update |last1=Forman-Hoffman |first1=Valerie |last2=Cook Middleton |first2=Jennifer |date=2018-05-17 |publisher=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) |doi=10.23970/ahrqepccer207 |last3=Feltner |first3=Cynthia |last4=Gaynes |first4=Bradley N. |last5=Palmieri Weber |first5=Rachel |last6=Bann |first6=Carla |last7=Viswanathan |first7=Meera |last8=Lohr |first8=Kathleen N. |last9=Baker |first9=Claire}}</ref>
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