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== History ==
In 1969, [[Rashad Khalifa]], an Egyptian-American [[biochemist]], began analyzing the [[Disconnected letters|separated letters]] of the [[Quran]] (also called Quranic initials or Muqattaʿat), and the Quran to examine certain sequences of numbers.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Musa|first=A.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vdbGAAAAQBAJ|title=Hadith As Scripture: Discussions on the Authority of Prophetic Traditions in Islam|date=2008-05-12|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-230-61197-9|pages=87|language=en}}</ref> In 1973 he published the book ''Miracle of the Quran: Significance of the Mysterious Alphabets'', in which he describes the Quranic initials through enumerations and distributions.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Melton|first1=J. Gordon|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TzMOAQAAMAAJ|title=Encyclopedia of American Religions
In 1974, Khalifa claimed to have discovered a mathematical code hidden in the Quran, a code based around the number 19. He wrote the book ''The Computer Speaks: God's Message to the World'', in which he thematizes this Quran code. He relies on [[Al-Muddaththir|Surah 74]], verse 30 to prove the significance of the number: "Over it is nineteen,".<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bangert|first=Kurt|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zCYWDAAAQBAJ|title=Muhammad: Eine historisch-kritische Studie zur Entstehung des Islams und seines Propheten|date=2016-04-25|publisher=Springer-Verlag|isbn=978-3-658-12956-9|pages=114–116|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Momen|first=Moojan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wv_WAAAAMAAJ|title=The Phenomenon of Religion: A Thematic Approach|date=1999|publisher=Oneworld|isbn=978-1-85168-161-7|pages=561|language=en}}</ref>
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