Directive Principles: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 18:06, 28 February 2025

Revision as of 19:06, 28 February 2025

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==Directives==

The directive principles ensure that the State<ref name=State/> shall strive to promote the [[Welfare state|welfare of the people]] by securing a social order in which [[Social justice|social]], [[welfare economics|economic]] and political justice is animated/informed in all institutions of life as per [[swikisource:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 38 (1)]].<ref name= animated>{{cite web |url=https://indiankanoon.org/doc/682692/ |title=Constituent Assembly of India – Volume VII |date=19 November 1948 |access-date=31 August 2017}}</ref> Dr. Ambedkar clarified as given below in the Constituent Assembly debates on Article 38 highlighting its inevitable implementation.

{{Blockquote|text=''... The word 'strive' which occurs in the Draft Constitution, in judgement, is very important. We have used it because our intention is even when there are circumstances which prevent the Government, or which stand in the way of the Government giving effect to these Directive Principles, they shall, even under hard and unpropitious circumstances, always strive in the fulfilment of these Directives. That is why we have used the word 'strive'. Otherwise, it would be open for any Government to say that the circumstances are so bad, that the finances are so inadequate that we cannot even make an effort in the direction in which the Constitution asks us to go.''}}

Also, the State shall strive to minimise the inequalities in income and endeavourendeavor to eliminate [[economic inequality]] as well as inequalities in status and opportunities, not only among individuals but also among groups of people residing in different areas or engaged in different vocations per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 38 (2)]]. The State shall aim for securing the right to an adequate means of livelihood for all citizens, both men and women as well as [[equal pay for equal work]] for both men and women. The State should work to prevent the concentration of wealth and means of production in a few hands, and try to ensure that ownership and control of the material resources is distributed to best serve the common good. [[Child abuse]] and [[exploitation of labour|exploitation of workers]] should be prevented. Children should be allowed to develop in a healthy manner and should be protected against exploitation and against moral and material abandonment per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 39]]. The State shall provide free [[legal aid]] to ensure that equal opportunities for securing justice is ensured to all, and is not denied by reason of economic or other disabilities per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 39A]]. The State shall also work for the organisation of village [[Panchayati raj|panchayat]]s and help enable them to function as units of self-government per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 40]]. The State shall endeavour to provide the [[right to work]], [[right to education|to education]] and to public assistance in cases of unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement, within the limits of economic capacity per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 41]] as well as provide for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief per [[s[[wikisource:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 42]].

The State should also ensure a living wage and proper [[working condition]]s for workers, with full enjoyment of leisure and social and cultural activities. Also, the promotion of [[Cottage industry|cottage industries]] in rural areas is one of the obligations of the State per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 43]] The State shall take steps to promote their participation in the management of industrial undertakings per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 43A]].

Also, the State shall endeavourendeavor to secure a [[uniform civil code]] for all citizens per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 44]] and provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 45]]. This directive regarding education of children was updated by the [[Constitution of India#Amendments|86th Amendment Act, 2002]].<ref name="86amact">[http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/amend/amend86.htm 86th Amendment Act, 2002].</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.india.gov.in/my-government/constitution-india/amendments/constitution-india-eighty-sixth-amendment-act-2002|title=The Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 {{!}} National Portal of India|website=www.india.gov.in|access-date=2020-02-13}}</ref> It should work for the economic and educational upliftment of [[Scheduled Castes and Tribes|scheduled caste]]s, [[scheduled tribe]]s and [[Other Backward Classes|other weaker sections]] of the society per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 46]].

The directive principles commit the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health, particularly by prohibiting intoxicating drinks and drugs injurious to health except for medicinal purposes per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 47]]. It should also organise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines by improving breeds and prohibiting the slaughter of [[cows]], [[Calf (animal)|calves]], other milch and draught cattle per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 48]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/in00000_.html|title=ICL - India - Constitution|website=www.servat.unibe.ch|access-date=2019-07-05}}</ref> It should protect and improve the environment and safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 48A]]. This directive, regarding the protection of forests and wildlife, was added by the [[Constitution of India#Amendments|42nd Amendment Act, 1976]].<ref name="42amact">[http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/amend/amend42.htm 42nd Amendment Act, 1976]</ref>

Protection of monuments, places and objects of historic and artistic interest and national importance against destruction and damage per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 49]] and separation of judiciary from the executive in public services per [[s:Constitution of India (2020)/Part IV|Article 50]] are also the obligations of the State as laid down in the directive principles.

Finally [[Article 51 of the Constitution of India|Article 51]] ensure that the State shall strive for the promotion and maintenance of international peace and security, just and honourable relations between nations, respect for international law and treaty obligations, as well as settlement of international disputes by arbitration.