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A '''field-programmable gate array''' ('''FPGA''') is a type of configurable [[integrated circuit]] that can be repeatedly programmed after manufacturing. FPGAs are a subset of logic devices referred to as [[programmable logic devices]] (PLDs). They consist of an array of [[programmable logic device|programmable]] [[logic block|logic blocks]] with a connecting grid, that can be configured "in the field" to interconnect with other logic blocks to perform various digital functions. FPGAs are often used in limited (low) quantity production of custom-made products, and in research and development, where the higher cost of individual FPGAs is not as important, and where creating and manufacturing a custom circuit would not be feasible. Other applications for FPGAs include the telecommunications, automotive, aerospace, and industrial sectors, which benefit from their flexibility, high signal processing speed, and parallel processing abilities.
A FPGA configuration is generally written using a [[hardware description language]] (HDL) e.g. [[VHDL]], similar to the ones used for [[application-specific integrated circuit]]s (ASICs). [[Circuit diagram|Circuit diagrams]] were formerly used to write the configuration.
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* [[Hardware security module]]s<ref name="auto">{{cite web|title=CrypTech: Building Transparency into Cryptography t |url=https://cryptech.is/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/CrypTech_Building_Transparency.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807180252/https://cryptech.is/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/CrypTech_Building_Transparency.pdf |archive-date=2016-08-07 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* High-speed financial transactions<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mann |first=Tobias |date=2023-03-08 |title=While Intel XPUs are delayed, here's some more FPGAs to tide you over |url=https://www.theregister.com/2023/03/08/intel_fpga_agilex/ |website=The Register}}</ref><ref>{{Cite conference |url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6044837 |title=High Frequency Trading Acceleration Using FPGAs |last1=Leber |first1=Christian |last2=Geib |first2=Benjamin |last3=Litz |first3=Heiner |doi=10.1109/FPL.2011.64 |publisher=IEEE |date=September 2011 |conference=International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications}}</ref>
* [[Retrocomputing]] (e.g. the MARS and [[MiSTer]] FPGA projects)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.retrorgb.com/the-diy-mister-handheld.html |title=The DIY MiSTer Handheld |access-date=}}</ref
* Large scale integrated [[digital differential analyzer]]s, a form of an [[analog computer]] based on digital computing elements<ref>[https://people.ece.cornell.edu/land/courses/ece5760/DDA/index.htm DDA on FPGA - A modern Analog Computer]</ref><!--[[User:Kvng/RTH]]-->
=== Usage by United States military ===
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