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'''Programming Languages Are Compiled'''- many people will use compilation as a standard for whether or not something is a "real" programming language, usually arguing that an interpreter makes it a "scripting" language. This definition does not to do a good job describing virtual-machine based language implementations
'''Programming Languages Must be Turing Complete''' - the reason people think this is obvious, but an important misconception is that this test is meant more generally for instruction/mathematical operation sets
'''Programming Languages must be imperative/have logic/control structures''' - this perception often arises due to the popularity and power of imperative programming languages - however as the name suggests (and this article even mentions several times), that's formally a *subset* of programming languages. Declarative programming often "feels" less like programming because it is not as concerned with how the task is going to be accomplished, but the original distinction of instructing a machine with language was not concerned with that sort of distinction.
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