IBM Personal Computer: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 21:37, 12 February 2025

Revision as of 23:26, 3 March 2025

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{{Short description|Personal computer model released in 1981}}

{{Redirect|IBM PC|personal computers compatible with the IBM PC|IBM PC compatible}}

Hjgvmll{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}

{{distinguish|text=the separate [[IBM PC Series]] released from 1994 to 2000}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}

{{Infobox information appliance

| name = IBM Personal Computer

| aka = IBM PC

| logo = IBM Personal Computer badge recreation.svg

| logo_upright = 0.5

| image = IBM PC-IMG 7271 (transparent).png

| caption = IBM Personal Computer with keyboard and monitor

| developer = [[IBM|International Business Machines]] (IBM)

| manufacturer = IBM

| family = IBM PC

| type = [[Personal computer]]

| generation = First generation

| releasedate = {{Start date and age|1981|8|12}}

| lifespan = 1981–1987

| price = {{US$|1565|1981|round=-1}}

| discontinued = {{Start date and age|1987|4|2}}

| unitssold =

| unitsshipped =

| media =

| os = {{plainlist|

*[[IBM BASIC]] / [[PC DOS 1.0]]

*[[CP/M-86]]

*[[UCSD Pascal|UCSD p-System]]}}

| power = 120/240 V AC {{polarity|ac}}

| soc =

| cpu = [[Intel 8088]]

| memory = 16 KB – 256 KB (motherboard)

| storage =

| memory card = 5.25" [[Floppy drives]] (160 KB or 320 KB), [[Cassette tape|Cassette]]

| display = [[IBM 5151]] Monochrome Display, [[IBM 5153]] Color Display

| graphics = [[IBM Monochrome Display Adapter|MDA]], [[Color Graphics Adapter|CGA]]

| sound = [[PC speaker]] 1-channel square-wave/1-bit digital ([[Pulse-width modulation|PWM]]-capable)

| input = XT-Keyboard

| controllers =

| camera =

| touchpad =

| connectivity = [[Serial port]], [[parallel port]]

| platform =

| service =

| dimensions = Approximately 20.25" (width) x 16.5" (depth) x 5.5" (height) or 51.4 cm x 41.9 cm x 14 cm

| weight = 24-30 lbs (10.9-13.6kg)

| topgame =

| compatibility =

| predecessor = [[IBM System/23 Datamaster]]

| successor = {{ubl|[[IBM Personal Computer XT]] (next model)|[[IBM PS/2]] (next generation)}}

| related = [[List of IBM Personal Computer models]]

| website = <!--{{URL|example.org}}-->

| CPUspeed = 4.77&nbsp;MHz

| RAMtype = [[Dynamic random-access memory|DRAM]]

| model_no = IBM 5150

}}

The '''IBM Personal Computer''' (model 5150, commonly known as the '''IBM PC''') is the first [[microcomputer]] released in the [[List of IBM Personal Computer models|IBM PC model line]] and the basis for the [[IBM PC compatible]] [[de facto standard|''de facto'' standard]]. Released on August 12, 1981, it was created by a team of engineers and designers at [[IBM|International Business Machines]] (IBM), directed by [[William C. Lowe]] and [[Philip Don Estridge]] in [[Boca Raton, Florida]].

Powered by an [[x86]]-architecture [[Intel 8088]] processor, the machine was based on [[open architecture]] and third-party peripherals. Over time, expansion cards and software technology increased to support it. The PC had [[influence of the IBM PC on the personal computer market|a substantial influence on the personal computer market]]; the specifications of the IBM PC became one of the most popular computer design standards in the world. The only significant competition it faced from a non-compatible platform throughout the 1980s was from [[Apple Inc.|Apple]]'s [[Macintosh]] product line, as well as consumer-grade platforms created by companies like [[Commodore International|Commodore]] and [[Atari Corporation|Atari]]. Most present-day personal computers share architectural features in common with the original IBM PC, including the [[Intel]]-based [[Apple–Intel architecture|Mac computers manufactured from 2006 to 2022]].

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