Modular programming: Difference between revisions

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==Language support==

Languages that formally support the module concept include [[Ada (programming language)|Ada]], [[ALGOL]], [[BlitzMax]], [[C++]], [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]], [[Clojure]], [[COBOL]], [[Common Lisp]], [[D (programming language)|D]], [[Dart (programming language)|Dart]], eC, [[Erlang (programming language)|Erlang]], [[Elixir (programming language)|Elixir]], [[Elm (programming language)|Elm]], [[F (programming language)|F]], [[F Sharp (programming language)|F#]], [[Fortran]], [[Go (programming language)|Go]], [[Haskell]], [[IBM/360]] [[IBM Basic assembly language and successors|Assembler]], [[Control Language]] (CL), [[IBM RPG]], [[Java (programming language)|Java]],{{efn|The term "package" is used for the analog of modules in the JLS;<ref>James Gosling, Bill Joy, Guy Steele, Gilad Bracha, ''The Java Language Specification, Third Edition'', {{ISBN|0-321-24678-0}}, 2005. In the Introduction, it is stated "Chapter 7 describes the structure of a program, which is organized into packages similar to the modules of Modula." The word "module" has no special meaning in Java.</ref> — see [[Java package]]. "[[Java Module System|Modules]]", a kind of collection of packages, arewere plannedintroduced forin [[Java 9]] as part of [http://openjdk.java.net/projects/jigsaw/ Project Jigsaw]; these were earlier called "superpackages" andwere planned for Java 7.}} [[Julia (programming language)|Julia]], [[MATLAB]], [[ML (programming language)|ML]], [[Modula]], [[Modula-2]], [[Modula-3]], Morpho, [[NEWP]], [[Oberon (programming language)|Oberon]], [[Oberon-2]], [[Objective-C]], [[OCaml]], several [[Pascal (programming language)|Pascal]] derivatives ([[Component Pascal]], [[Object Pascal]], [[Turbo Pascal]], [[UCSD Pascal]]), [[Perl]], [[PHP]], [[PL/I]], [[PureBasic]], [[Python (programming language)|Python]], [[R (programming language)|R]], [[Ruby (programming language)|Ruby]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ruby-doc.org/core-2.0/Module.html|title=Class: Module (Ruby 2.0.0)}}</ref> [[Rust (programming language)|Rust]], [[JavaScript]],<ref>[http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-modules ECMAScript® 2015 Language Specification, 15.2 Modules]</ref> [[Visual Basic (.NET)]] and [[WebDNA]].

Conspicuous examples of languages that lack support for modules are [[C (programming language)|C]] and have been [[C++]] and Pascal in their original form, [[C (programming language)|C]] and [[C++]] do, however, allow separate compilation and declarative interfaces to be specified using [[header file]]s. Modules were added to Objective-C in [[iOS 7]] (2013); to C++ with [[C++20]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://isocpp.org/files/papers/n4720.pdf|title=N4720: Working Draft, Extensions to C++ for Modules}}</ref> and Pascal was superseded by [[Modula]] and [[Oberon (programming language)|Oberon]], which included modules from the start, and various derivatives that included modules. [[JavaScript]] has had native modules since [[ECMAScript]] 2015.