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Reverted good faith edits by Ʃouer (talk): This is a guide for beginners, most readers couldn't care less about articulation
Ʃouer (talk | contribs)
243 edits
→Key: Reordered consonants, not caring is (at least for thoses, I respect the old vowel sequence exept the separation of /ei/ and /ow/) not a reason to disregard any notion of grouping. Tweaked examples, added extented lexical set (Schneider, Parry)
Tag: Reverted
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! style="width:3em" | IPA !! Examples
|-
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|p}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{Not a typo|'''p'''ie}}, s'''p'''y, pi'''p'''e, <br> tra'''pp'''er
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|b}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''b'''uy, cabri'''b'''e
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|t}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{Not a typo|'''t'''ie, s'''t'''y, '''t'''igh'''t''', <br> la'''tt'''er}}{{refn|name=flapping}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|tj}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''t'''une{{refn|name=yod}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|tʃ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''ch'''ew, ba'''tch'''
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|θ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''th'''igh, ba'''th'''
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|θj}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | en'''th'''use{{refn|name=yod}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|d}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''d'''ye, ca'''d'''ye'''d''', <br> la'''dd'''er{{refn|name=flapping|In varieties with [[flapping]], {{IPA|/t/}} and sometimes also {{IPA|/d/}} between a vowel and a weak or word-initial vowel may be pronounced with a voiced tap {{IPAblink|ɾ}}, making ''latter'' sound similar or identical to ''ladder''. Some dictionaries transcribe {{IPA|/t/}} subject to this process as {{angbr IPA|d}} or {{angbr IPA|t̬}}, but they are not distinguished in this transcription system. In those varieties, the sequence {{IPA|/nt/}} in the same environment may also be realized as a [[nasalized]] tap {{IPAblink|ɾ̃}}, making ''winter'' sound similar or identical to ''winner''. This is also not distinguished in this system.}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|dj}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''d'''ewune{{refn|name=yod|In dialects with [[yod dropping]], {{IPA|/j/}} in {{IPA|/juː/}}, {{IPA|/ju/}}, or {{IPA|/jʊər/}} is not pronounced after [[coronal consonant]]s ({{IPA|/t/}}, {{IPA|/d/}}, {{IPA|/s/}}, {{IPA|/z/}}, {{IPA|/n/}}, {{IPA|/θ/}}, and {{IPA|/l/}}) in the same syllable, so that ''dew'' {{IPA|/djuː/}} is pronounced the same as ''do'' {{IPA|/duː/}}. In dialects with [[yod coalescence]], {{IPA|/tj/}} and {{IPA|/dj/}} mostly merge with {{IPA|/tʃ/}} and {{IPA|/dʒ/}}, so that the first syllable in ''Tuesday'' is pronounced the same as ''choose''. In some dialects {{IPA|/sj/}} and {{IPA|/zj/}} are also affected and frequently merge with {{IPA|/ʃ/}} and {{IPA|/ʒ/}}. Where {{IPA|/j/}} in {{IPA|/juː/}}, {{IPA|/ju/}}, or {{IPA|/jʊər/}} following a coronal is still pronounced in yod-dropping accents, place a syllable break before it: ''menu'' {{IPA|/ˈmɛn.juː/}}.}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|dʒ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''j'''iveew, ba'''dg'''e
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ð}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''th'''y, breaba'''th'''e, fa<br> la'''th'''er
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|k}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''K'''ai, s'''k'''y, pi'''k'''e, '''c'''ra'''ck'''er
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ɡ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''g'''uy, '''g'''a'''g'''
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|f}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''f'''ind, lea'''f'''
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ɡv}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{Not a typo|'''v'''ie}}, lea'''gv'''uye, bao'''gf'''
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|s}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''s'''igh, i'''c'''e, hi'''ss'''
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|sj}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | a'''ss'''ume{{refn|name=yod}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ʃ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''sh'''y, ca'''sh''', pa'''ssi'''on
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|z}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''z'''ap, lea'''s''', i'''s'''
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|zj}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''Z'''eus, pre'''s'''ume{{refn|name=yod}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ʒ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | plea'''s'''ure, bei'''g'''e{{refn|A number of English words, such as ''genre'' and ''garage'', may be pronounced with either {{IPA|/ʒ/}} or {{IPA|/dʒ/}}.}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|h}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''h'''igh, abe'''h'''eadind
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|hw}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''wh'''ine{{refn|The phoneme {{IPA|/hw/}} is not distinguished from {{IPA|/w/}} in the many dialects with the [[Wine–whine merger|''wine''–''whine'' merger]], such as RP and most varieties of General American. For more information on this sound, see [[voiceless labialized velar approximant]].}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|w}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''w'''ine, s'''w'''ine
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|j}}}}{{refn|The IPA value of the letter {{angbr IPA|j}} may be counterintuitive to English speakers, but the spelling is found even in some common English words like ''[[hallelujah]]'' and ''[[fjord]]''. Some dictionaries use {{angbr IPA|y}} instead, although it represents a [[close front rounded vowel]] in official IPA.}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''y'''es, hallelu'''j'''ah
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|r}}}}{{refn|In most varieties of English, {{IPA|/r/}} is pronounced as an [[Voiced alveolar and postalveolar approximants|Voiced postalveolar approximant]] {{angbr IPA|ɹ̠}}. Although the IPA symbol {{angbr IPA|r}} represents the [[alveolar trill]], {{angbr IPA|r}} is widely used instead of {{angbr IPA|ɹ̠}} in broad transcriptions of English for convenience.}}
| {{big|{{IPA|k}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''kr'''indye, st'''kr'''y, ve'''c'''ra'''ckr'''y
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|l}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{Not a typo|'''l'''ie, p'''l'''y, gapi'''lll'''}}{{refn|{{IPA|/l/}} in the [[syllable coda]], as in the words ''all'', ''cold'', or ''bottle'', is pronounced as {{IPAblink|o}}, {{IPAblink|u}}, {{IPAblink|w}} or a similar sound in many dialects through [[L-vocalization]].}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|lj}}}}
Line 62 ⟶ 108:
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|m}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''m'''y, s'''m'''ile, ca'''m'''i'''m'''e
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|n}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''n'''igh, s'''n'''ide, ca'''n'''i'''n'''e
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|nj}}}}
Line 71 ⟶ 117:
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ŋ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | sasi'''ng''', si'''n'''k, si'''ng'''er
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|p}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{Not a typo|'''p'''ie, s'''p'''y, ca'''p'''}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|r}}}}{{refn|In most varieties of English, {{IPA|/r/}} is pronounced as an [[Voiced alveolar and postalveolar approximants|Voiced postalveolar approximant]] {{angbr IPA|ɹ̠}}. Although the IPA symbol {{angbr IPA|r}} represents the [[alveolar trill]], {{angbr IPA|r}} is widely used instead of {{angbr IPA|ɹ̠}} in broad transcriptions of English for convenience.}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''r'''ye, t'''r'''y, ve'''r'''y
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|s}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''s'''igh, ma'''ss'''
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|sj}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | con'''s'''ume{{refn|name=yod}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ʃ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''sh'''y, ca'''sh''', emo'''ti'''on
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|t}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{Not a typo|'''t'''ie, s'''t'''y, ca'''t''', la'''tt'''er}}{{refn|name=flapping}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|tj}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''t'''une{{refn|name=yod}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|tʃ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''Ch'''ina, ca'''tch'''
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|θ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''th'''igh, pa'''th'''
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|θj}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | en'''th'''use{{refn|name=yod}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|v}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{Not a typo|'''v'''ie, lea'''v'''e}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|w}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''w'''ine, s'''w'''ine
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|z}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''z'''oo, ha'''s'''
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|zj}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | '''Z'''eus, re'''s'''ume{{refn|name=yod}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ʒ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | plea'''s'''ure, bei'''g'''e{{refn|A number of English words, such as ''genre'' and ''garage'', may be pronounced with either {{IPA|/ʒ/}} or {{IPA|/dʒ/}}.}}
|}
 
Line 133 ⟶ 134:
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ɒ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|L'''O'''T}}, bc'''o'''thert, cb'''o'''tther, bl'''o'''ckade{{refn|In dialects with the [[Father–bother merger|''father''–''bother'' merger]] such as General American, {{IPA|/ɒ/}} is not distinguished from {{IPA|/ɑː/}}.}}
| {{big|{{IPA|ɒr}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | m'''or'''al, M'''aur'''ice{{refn|In most of the United States, {{IPA|/ɒr/}} is merged with {{IPA|/ɔːr/}}, except for a handful of words such as ''borrow'', ''tomorrow'' and ''sorry'', which instead have {{IPA|/ɑːr/}}. In some parts of the Southern and Northeastern US, it is always merged with {{IPA|/ɑːr/}}. In Canada, it is always merged with {{IPA|/ɔːr/}}.}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|æ}}}}{{refn|Some British sources, such as the [[Oxford English Dictionary]], use {{angbr IPA|a}} instead of {{IPA|/æ/}} to transcribe this vowel. This more closely reflects the actual vowel quality in contemporary [[Received Pronunciation]].{{efn|{{cite web|url=https://www.oed.com/information/understanding-entries/pronunciation/british-english-pronunciations/|title=British English Pronunciations|publisher=[[Oxford English Dictionary]]|accessdate=4 September 2023}}}}}}
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|-
| {{big|{{IPA|aɪ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|PR'''I'''CE}}, ppr'''iey'''{{refn|name=CanadianRaising|In much of North America, {{IPA|/aɪ/}} or {{IPA|/aʊ/}} may have a slightly different quality when it precedes a [[voiceless]] consonant, as in ''price'' or ''mouth'', from that in ''rideprize/pie'' or ''loudmouths/how'', a phenomenon known as [[Canadian raising]]. Since this occurs in a predictable fashion, it is not distinguished in this transcription system.}}
| {{big|{{IPA|aɪər}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | h{{sc2|F'''ireIRE'''}}{{refn|name=triphthong|Some speakers pronounce ''higher, flower'' and ''coyer'' ("more coy") with two syllables, and ''hire, flour'' and ''coir'' with one. Most pronounce them the same. For the former group of words, make use of syllable breaks, as in {{IPA|/ˈhaɪ.ər/, /ˈflaʊ.ər/, /ˈkɔɪ.ər/}}, to differentiate from the latter. Before vowels, the distinction between {{IPA|/aɪər, aʊər, ɔɪər/}} and {{IPA|/aɪr, aʊr, ɔɪr/}} is not always clear; choose the former if the second element may be omitted (as in {{IPA|[ˈdaəri]}} ''diary'').}} <!-- The transcription is a correct one, it is the hole point. -->
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|aʊ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|M'''OU'''TH}}, hM'''owao'''{{refn|name=CanadianRaising}}
| {{big|{{IPA|aʊər}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | fl{{sc2|H'''ourOUR'''}}{{refn|name=triphthong}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ɛ}}}}{{refn|{{IPA|/ɛ/}} is transcribed with {{angbr IPA|e}} in many dictionaries. However, {{IPA|/eɪ/}} is also sometimes transcribed with {{angbr IPA|e}}, especially in North American literature, so {{angbr IPA|ɛ}} is chosen here.}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|DR'''E'''SS}}, b'''e'''g, l'''e'''ngth, pr'''e'''stige
| {{big|{{IPA|ɛr}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | m'''err'''y, s'''er'''aphic{{refn|name=marymarrymerry}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|eɪ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|F'''A'''CE}}, vph'''a'''guese
| {{big|{{IPA|ɛər}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|SQU'''ARE'''}}, M'''ar'''y{{refn|name=marymarrymerry}}{{refn|name=centering|{{IPA|/ɛə/}}, {{IPA|/ɪə/}}, or {{IPA|/ʊə/}} may be separated from {{IPA|/r/}} only when a stress follows it. The [[Template:IPAc-en|IPAc-en]] template supports {{IPA|/ɛəˈr/}}, {{IPA|/ɪəˈr/}}, {{IPA|/ʊəˈr/}}, {{IPA|/ɛəˌr/}}, {{IPA|/ɪəˌr/}}, and {{IPA|/ʊəˌr/}} as distinct diaphonemes for such occasions.}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ɪ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|K'''I'''T}}, b'''i'''g, s'''i'''ng, h'''i'''storic{{refn|name=strong-weak|{{angbr IPA|ɪ}} and {{angbr IPA|oʊ}} represent strong vowels in some words and weak vowels in others. It will not always be clear which they are.{{efn|{{harvp|Flemming|Johnson|2007|pp=91–2}}.}}{{efn|{{cite web|last=Wells|first=John|date=25 March 2011|url=http://phonetic-blog.blogspot.com/2011/03/strong-and-weak.html|title=strong and weak|work=John Wells's phonetic blog}}}}}}
| {{big|{{IPA|ɪr}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | m'''irr'''or, S'''ir'''ius
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|iː}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|FL'''EE'''CE}}, l'''ea'''gue, pedigr'''ee''', id'''e'''a{{refn|name=smoothing|Words like ''idea, real,'' and ''theatre'' may be pronounced with {{IPA|/ɪə/}} and ''cruel'' with {{IPA|/ʊə/}} in non-rhotic accents such as Received Pronunciation, and some dictionaries transcribe them with {{IPA|/ɪə, ʊə/}},{{efn|name=wells-smoothing|{{harvp|Wells|1982|p=240}}.}} but since they are not pronounced with {{IPA|/r/}} in rhotic accents, they are transcribed with {{IPA|/iːə, uːə/}}, not with {{IPA|/ɪə, ʊə/}}, in this transcription system.}}
| {{big|{{IPA|ɪər}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|N'''EAR'''}}, s'''er'''ious{{refn|name=centering}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|oʊ}}}}{{refn|{{IPA|/oʊ/}} is often transcribed with {{angbr IPA|əʊ}}, particularly in British literature, based on its modern realization in Received Pronunciation. It is also transcribed with {{angbr IPA|o}}, particularly in North American literature.}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|G'''OA'''T}}, g'''o''', g'''oa'''l{{refn|name=strong-weak}}
| rowspan="2" | {{big|{{IPA|ɔːr}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|F'''OR'''CE}}, h'''oar'''se, f'''or'''esaw{{refn|name=horse|Some accents, such as [[Scottish English]], many forms of [[Irish English]] and some conservative [[American English|American]] accents, make a distinction between the vowels in ''horse'' and ''hoarse'' (i.e. they lack the [[horse–hoarse merger|''horse''–''hoarse'' merger]]). Since most modern dictionaries do not differentiate between them, neither does this key.}}
 
|-
| | {{big|{{IPA|ɔː}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|TH'''OUGH'''T}}, c'''augh'''t, '''au'''dacioustistic{{refn|{{IPA|/ɔː/}} is not distinguished from {{IPA|/ɒ/}} in dialects with the [[Cot–caught merger|''cot''–''caught'' merger]] such as Scottish English, Canadian English and many varieties of General American. In North America, the two vowels most often fall together with {{IPA|/ɑː/}}.}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|N'''OR'''TH}}, h'''or'''se, ac'''or'''n{{refn|name=horse}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ɔɪ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|CH'''OI'''CE}}, j'''oy'''
| {{big|{{IPA|ɔɪər}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | c'''oir'''{{refn|name=triphthong}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ɪ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|K'''I'''T}}, b'''i'''g, s'''i'''ng{{refn|name=strong-weak|{{angbr IPA|ɪ}} and {{angbr IPA|oʊ}} represent strong vowels in some words and weak vowels in others. It will not always be clear which they are.{{efn|{{harvp|Flemming|Johnson|2007|pp=91–2}}.}}{{efn|{{cite web|last=Wells|first=John|date=25 March 2011|url=http://phonetic-blog.blogspot.com/2011/03/strong-and-weak.html|title=strong and weak|work=John Wells's phonetic blog}}}}}}
| {{big|{{IPA|ɪr}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | m'''irr'''or, S'''ir'''ius, '''er'''ect
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|iː}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|FL'''EE'''CE}}, fl'''ea'''s, pedigr'''ee''', id'''e'''a{{refn|name=smoothing|Words like ''idea, real,'' and ''theatre'' may be pronounced with {{IPA|/ɪə/}} and ''cruel'' with {{IPA|/ʊə/}} in non-rhotic accents such as Received Pronunciation, and some dictionaries transcribe them with {{IPA|/ɪə, ʊə/}},{{efn|name=wells-smoothing|{{harvp|Wells|1982|p=240}}.}} but since they are not pronounced with {{IPA|/r/}} in rhotic accents, they are transcribed with {{IPA|/iːə, uːə/}}, not with {{IPA|/ɪə, ʊə/}}, in this transcription system.}}
| {{big|{{IPA|ɪər}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|N'''EAR'''}}, s'''er'''ious{{refn|name=centering}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ʊ}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|F'''OO'''T}}, p'''u'''t, c'''ou'''ld
| {{big|{{IPA|ʊr}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | c'''our'''ier
Line 198:
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{big|{{IPA|ʌ}}}}{{refn|Some, particularly North American, dictionaries notate {{IPA|/ʌ/}} with the same symbol as {{IPA|/ə/}}, which is found only in unstressed syllables, and distinguish it from {{IPA|/ə/}} by marking the syllable as stressed. Also note that although {{angbr IPA|ʌ}}, the IPA symbol for the [[open-mid back unrounded vowel|open-mid back vowel]], is used, the typical modern pronunciation is rather close to the [[near-open central unrounded vowel|near-open central vowel]] {{IPA|[ɐ]}} in some dialects, including Received Pronunciation.}}
| rowspan="2" style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|STR'''U'''T}}, s'''u'''ng, <br> '''u'''ntidynd'''o'''ne, tr'''u'''stee{{refn|{{IPA|/ʌ/}} is not used in the dialects of the northern half of England and some parts of Ireland and Wales. These words would take the {{IPA|/ʊ/}} vowel: there is no [[Foot–strut split|''foot''–''strut'' split]].}}
| {{big|{{IPA|ɜːr}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|N'''UR'''SE}}, bl'''urr'''y, '''ur'''bane, forew'''or'''d{{refn|In Received Pronunciation, {{IPA|/ɜːr/}} is pronounced as a lengthened schwa, {{IPA|[əː]}}. In General American, it is phonetically identical to {{IPA|/ər/}}. Some dictionaries therefore use {{angbr IPA|əː, ər}} instead of the conventional notations {{angbr IPA|ɜː, ɜr}}. When {{angbr IPA|ər}} is used for {{IPA|/ɜːr/}}, it is distinguished from {{IPA|/ər/}} by marking the syllable as stressed.}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ʌr}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | h'''urr'''y{{refn|{{IPA|/ʌr/}} is not distinguished from {{IPA|/ɜːr/}} in dialects with the [[Hurry–furry merger|''hurry''–''furry'' merger]] such as General American.}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ɜːr}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | {{sc2|N'''UR'''SE}}, f'''urr'''y, '''ur'''bane, forew'''or'''d{{refn|In Received Pronunciation, {{IPA|/ɜːr/}} is pronounced as a lengthened schwa, {{IPA|[əː]}}. In General American, it is phonetically identical to {{IPA|/ər/}}. Some dictionaries therefore use {{angbr IPA|əː, ər}} instead of the conventional notations {{angbr IPA|ɜː, ɜr}}. When {{angbr IPA|ər}} is used for {{IPA|/ɜːr/}}, it is distinguished from {{IPA|/ər/}} by marking the syllable as stressed.}}
|-
! colspan="4" |[[Stress and vowel reduction in English|Weak vowels]]
Line 236:
| rowspan="2" style="text-align: left" | bott'''le''', doub'''l'''ing {{small|({{IPA|[əl]}}, {{IPA|[l̩]}}, or {{IPA|[l]}})}}
| {{big|{{IPA|ən}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | butt'''on''', fastlight'''en'''ering {{small|({{IPA|[ən]}}, {{IPA|[n̩]}}, or {{IPA|[n]}})}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|əm}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | rhyth'''m''', blossbott'''om'''ing {{small|({{IPA|[əm]}}, {{IPA|[m̩]}}, or {{IPA|[m]}})}}
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Marginal phoneme|Marginal segments]]
Line 250:
| style="text-align: left" | uh'''-'''oh {{IPA|/ˈʌʔoʊ/}}
|-
| {{big|{{IPA|ɒ̃}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | b'''on''' viv'''an'''t{{refn|name=nasalvowel|{{IPA|/ɒ̃, æ̃/}} are only found in French loanwords and often replaced by another vowel and a nasal consonant: ''bon vivant'' {{IPA|/ˌbɒn viːˈvɒnt/}}, ''ensemble'' {{IPA|/ɒnˈsɒmbəl/}}, etc.{{efn|{{harvp|Jones|2011}}.}}}}
| {{big|{{IPA|æ̃}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | f'''in''' de siècle{{refn|name=nasalvowel}}
| {{big|{{IPA|ɒ̃}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | b'''on''' viv'''an'''t{{refn|name=nasalvowel|{{IPA|/ɒ̃, æ̃/}} are only found in French loanwords and often replaced by another vowel and a nasal consonant: ''bon vivant'' {{IPA|/ˌbɒn viːˈvɒnt/}}, ''ensemble'' {{IPA|/ɒnˈsɒmbəl/}}, etc.{{efn|{{harvp|Jones|2011}}.}}}}
|-
|
|
| {{big|{{IPA|ɜː}}}}
| style="text-align: left" | M'''ö'''bius {{small|(non-rhotic only)}}{{refn|{{IPA|/ɜː/}} is only found in loanwords and represents a situation where such an ''r''-less vowel is used only in British or Southern Hemisphere accents, and therefore a transcription that includes it must always be prefaced with a label indicating the variety of English. If ''r''-ful {{sc2|NURSE}} is used in GA too, even if spelled without {{angbr|r}}, as in ''Goethe'' and ''hors d'oeuvre'', use {{IPA|/ɜːr/}}. {{IPA|/ɜː/}} is also not the same as {{angbr|œ}} seen in some American dictionaries. {{angbr|œ}} in those dictionaries is merely a notational convention and does not correspond to any vowel in any accent of English, so a transcription containing {{angbr|œ}} cannot be converted to one that uses this key.}}
| colspan="2" |
|-
| colspan="4" style="border-left: #fff solid 1px; border-right: #fff solid 1px; background:#fff" | &nbsp;
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English"