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This model can be applied to soft solids: thermoplastic polymers in the vicinity of their melting temperature, fresh concrete (neglecting its aging), and numerous metals at a temperature close to their melting point.
The equation introduced here, however, lacks a consistent derivation from more microscopic model and is not observer independent. The [[Upper-convected Maxwell model]] is its sound formulation in tems of the [[Cauchy stress tensor]] and constitutes the simplest tensorial constitutive model for viscoelasticity (see e.g. <ref>{{Cite book|title=The Structure and Rheology of Complex Fluids (Topics in Chemical Engineering): Larson, Ronald G.: 9780195121971: Amazon.com: Books|isbn=019512197X |last1=Larson |first1=Ronald G. |date=28 January 1999 |publisher=Oup USA }}</ref> or <ref
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