Human–computer interaction: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Computer monitor screen image simulated.jpg|alt=A close-up photograph of a computer monitor.|thumb|A computer monitor provides a visual interface between the machine and the user.]]

'''Human–computer interaction''' ('''HCI''') is the process through which people operate and engage with computer systems. Research in HCI covers the design and the use of [[Computing|computer technology]], which focuses on the [[Interface (computing)|interface]]s between people ([[user (computing)|users]]) and [[computer]]s. HCI researchers observe the ways humans interact with computers and design technologies that allow humans to interact with computers in novel ways. AThese deviceinclude thatvisual, allowsauditory, and tactile (haptic) feedback systems, which serve as channels for interaction betweenin humanboth beingtraditional interfaces and amobile computercomputing iscontexts.<ref>{{Cite knownjournal as|last1=Hampton a|first1=W. "'''human–computerH. interface'''"|title=Haptic Rewards: How Mobile Vibrations Shape Reward Response and Consumer Choice |journal=Journal of Consumer Research |year=2025 |doi=10.1093/jcr/ucaf025 |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucaf025 }}</ref>

A device that allows interaction between human being and a computer is known as a "'''human–computer interface'''".

As a field of research, human–computer interaction is situated at the intersection of [[computer science]], [[behavioural sciences|behavioral sciences]], [[design]], [[media studies]], and [[Outline of human–computer interaction#Related fields|several other fields of study]]. The term was popularized by [[Stuart K. Card]], [[Allen Newell]], and [[Thomas P. Moran]] in their 1983 book, ''The Psychology of Human–Computer Interaction.'' The first known use was in 1975 by Carlisle.<ref name="Evaluating the impact of office automation on top management communication"/> The term is intended to convey that, unlike other tools with specific and limited uses, computers have many uses which often involve an open-ended dialogue between the user and the computer. The notion of dialogue likens human–computer interaction to human-to-human interaction: an analogy that is crucial to theoretical considerations in the field.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Suchman|first1=Lucy|title=Plans and Situated Action. The Problem of Human-Machine Communication|date=1987|publisher=Cambridge University Press|___location=New York, Cambridge|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AJ_eBJtHxmsC&q=suchman+situated+action&pg=PR7|access-date=7 March 2015|isbn=9780521337397}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite book|last1=Dourish|first1=Paul|title=Where the Action Is: The Foundations of Embodied Interaction|date=2001|publisher=MIT Press|___location=Cambridge, MA|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DCIy2zxrCqcC&q=Dourish+where+the+action+is&pg=PR7|isbn=9780262541787}}</ref>